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    Effect of dietary stevia and ginger extracts on laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and serum biochemical parameters in laying Japanese quails exposed to heat stress
    (Kielanowski Inst Animal Physiology Nutrition, 2023) Bayril, T.; Akdemir, F.; Gurgoze, S.; Orhan, C.
    The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various levels of supplemental stevia and ginger extracts (SGE) on laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and serum biochemical parameters in laying Japanese quails exposed to heat stress. SGE doses were added at the following levels: 0 (control), 0.5 (T1), 1.0 (T2), and 1.5% (T3) of the diet. In SGE-supplemented quails, feed intake (P < 0.0001), egg production (P < 0.0001), and egg weight (P < 0.002) were significantly the highest in the treatment groups (days 1-90). Feed conversion ratio (P < 0.0001) was lower in the treatment groups compared to the control group. The fertility index was higher in all experimental groups (P < 0.05). The weights of hatching eggs were higher in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001). Egg weight in the laying period was higher in the 2nd month in control and group T1, and in the 2nd and 3rd month in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001; P < 0.05). Hatched chick weights were higher in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001). Serum aspartate aminotransferase levels in quails of group T3 were significantly lower than in the other groups (P < 0.01). Serum glucose and cholesterol levels were the lowest in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). Serum triiodothyronine levels in the treatment groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01). In conclusion, these results suggested that dietary SGE improved laying performance, fertility, and hatchability, as well as mitigated the negative effects of heat stress on selected biochemical parameters in quails exposed to high environmental temperature.
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    Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris on haematology and antioxidant status of heat- stressed quails during the late laying period
    (Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2021) Koseman, A.; Akdemir, F.; Uremis, N.; Seker, I; Turkoz, Y.
    The effects of Alchemilla vulgaris (AV) on haematology and serum, liver, and ovarian antioxidant status of heat-stressed quail in the late laying period were observed in this study. A 2x3 factorial design was used with 0, 1 and 3% AV fed in thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) conditions. A total of 150 quails were randomly assigned to six groups. The quails were located in temperature controlled rooms. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and platelet distribution width (PDW) obtained in quail fed 1% AV were higher than in 3% AV under both TN and HS conditions. Comparing 3% AV to 1% AV, the concentration of MCH obtained for 1% AV was higher in HS and lower in TN conditions. Besides, quails fed for 1% AV had a lower procalcitonin (PCT) value in HS than 3% AV but this PCT value was the same in TN. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in 1% AV than 3% AV in both HS and TN. The ovarian MDA was lower in TN than HS. In both TN and HS conditions, the ovarian MDA value was determined higher for 1% AV than for 3% AV. The liver glutathione (GSH) value was higher in 1% AV than 3% AV in both TN and HS conditions. The Total Oxidant Capacity (TOS) value was found higher for 3% AV in TN and 1% AV in HS. The serum GSH, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were lower for 3% AV compared to 1% AV for both TN and HS conditions, whereas for MDA value this was the opposite. The ovarium MDA and TOS values were lower for 3% AV than for 1% AV in both TN and HS. Also, the liver MDA, GSH, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAS) values were lower for 3% AV than for 1% AV in both TN and HS conditions. Finally, dietary AV has been shown to have a partial antioxidative effect on the defense system and also has effect on red blood cell profiles and platelet counts rather than white blood cell profiles.
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    Effects of lamb sex, parity, and birth type on milk yield, lactation length, and milk components in Zom ewes raised under semi-intensive conditions
    (South African Journal of Animal Sciences, 2023) Bayril, T.; Akdemir, F.; Baran, M. S.; Orhan, C.; Yildirim, I. H.; Yildiz, A. S.; Celik, R.
    This study aimed to determine the effects of parity, birth type, and lamb sex on milk yield, lactation length, milking period, and milk components in Zom ewes. In this study, which included 83 Zom ewes, it was observed that birth type affected daily and lactation milk yield, and only parity affected lactation length. The effects of the milking period on milk yield and birth type on milk fat content were marked. The effect of lamb sex on protein, solid non-fat, and lactose contents was substantial, but that of parity and birth type were not statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between lamb sex and solid non-fat, protein, lactose, and density and between fat, protein, and lactose. There was a positive correlation between the fat and solid non-fat content, freezing point, and mineral content. In conclusion, the effect of milking period was statistically significant for milk yield and components. Additionally, the effects of lamb sex on solid non-fat, protein, and lactose contents were found to be substantial.