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    Deep phenotyping of miRNAs in exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis
    (Indian Acad Sciences, 2023) Pala, Mukaddes; Yilmaz, Senay Gorucu; Altan, Mehmet; Sonmez, Osman Fuat; Dincer, Sensu; Mengi, Murat; Metin, Gokhan
    Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an adaptational enlargement of the myocardium, in exposure to altered stress conditions or in case of injury which can lead to heart failure and death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in modulating gene expression. Here, we aimed to identify new miRNAs effective in an experimental CH model and to find an epigenetic biomarker that could demonstrate therapeutic targets responsible for the pathology of heart tissue and serum. In this study, Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into the training group (TG, n=9) and the control group (CG, n=6). Systolic and diastolic dimensions of the left ventricle and myocardial wall thickness were measured by echocardiography to assess CH. After the exercise program of the rats, miRNA expression measurements and histological analyses were performed. The 25,000 genes in the rat genome were searched using microarray analysis. A total of 128 miRNAs were selected according to the fold change rates, and nine miRNAs were validated for expression analysis. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick (TUNEL) method was used to detect apoptotic cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) method. Necrosis, bleeding, and intercellular edema were detected in TG. The mean histopathological score was higher in TG (p=0.03). There were rarely positive cells for apoptosis of both groups in cardiomyocytes. In the receiver characteristic curve analysis (ROC), the heart tissue rno-miR-290 had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.920 with 100% sensitivity and 89.90% specificity (p=0.045), rno-miR-194-5p had AUC of 0.940 with 83.33% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p=0.003), and the serum rno-miR-132-3p AUC was 0.880 with 66.67% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p=0.004) in TG. miR-194-5p was used as a therapeutic target for remodeling the cardiac process. While miR-290 contributes to CH as a negative regulator, miR-132 in serum is effective in the pathological and physiological cardiac remodeling process and is a candidate biomarker.
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    The effect of regularly performed moderate-intensity exercise program on thiol/disulfide homeostasis, and ischemia-modified albumin
    (2022) Pala, Mukaddes; Altan, Mehmet; Hanikoglu, Ferhat; neselioglu, salim; EREL, Ozcan; Metin, Gökhan
    Aim: Thiol/disulfide homeostasis is an indicator of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is an important marker for both oxidative stress and ischemia. We aimed to evaluate the possible effects of regularly performed moderate-intensity exercise on thiol/disulfide homeostasis, and IMA levels.Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were used. The study was composed of an Exercise group (EG, n=9) and Control group (CG, n=6). A 10-weeks swimming exercise was performed. Thiol/disulfide homeostasis measurement method was used in this study. IMA levels were measured by a cobalt-albumin binding method.Results: In the EG, total thiol levels were significantly higher compared to the CG (p<0.01). The disulfide/total thiol ratio was lower in the EG compared to the CG (p<0.01). We observed that there was a slight increase in IMA levels in EG (p=0.18). This increase was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Regularly performed moderate-intensity exercise has increased native and total thiol levels. Increase of thiol levels can prevent oxidative stress. Regularly performed moderate-intensity exercise programs appear to provide favourable effects on oxidative stress.