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Öğe Characterization of new late-spring-frost-tolerant apricot hybrids: physical and biochemical fruit quality attributes, volatile aroma compounds(Univ Federal Santa Maria, 2023) Dogan, Aliseydi; Karaat, Firat Ege; Levent, Okan; Asma, Bayram MuratLate spring frosts is one of the most important restricting abiotic stress factors of apricot growing worldwide. In this study; some physical, biochemical fruit quality characteristics and volatile aroma compounds were determined in fresh fruit samples of thirteen late spring frost tolerant apricot hybrids recently obtained from Turkish apricot breeding programme. A wide variation was reported among apricot genotypes in all of the evaluated physical and biochemical fruit characteristics and also volatile aroma compounds. Fruit size varied between 27.2 and 60.5 g, total soluble solids between 13.6 and 17.4 %, total carotene 26.6 and 42.8 (mg.100 g-1), and total phenolics content 354.2 and 673.1 (GAE.100 g-1). A total of 42 flavor components belonging to various flavor compound groups were identified. The main volatile aroma compound groups detected in the assessed apricot genotypes were; aldehydes, ketones, esters, alcohols, terpenes, acids, and other compounds. Among the detected compounds; Hexanal, 2-Hexenal, 1-Hexanol, 2-Hexen-1-ol, Limonene were the most abundant compounds in terms of concentration. Hexanal varied between 55.8 and 528.5 mu g.kg-1, and 2-Hexen-1-ol changed between 25.7 and 297.9 mu g.kg-1 fresh weight. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations among some aroma compounds and biochemical fruit quality characteristics. Significant correlations were reported for esters with titratable acidity (r=0.79) and total carotene (r=-0.61) and aldehydes were found as highly correlated with total soluble solids (r=-0.69). The results of the study will be beneficial in terms of food analysis, cultivation, and breeding studies of apricot.Öğe Effects of Altitude and Harvest Maturity on Fruit Darkening in 'Hasanbey' and 'Kabaaşı' Apricot Cultivars(Springer, 2025) Caliskan, Mehmet; Asma, Bayram Murat; Akbulut, Guelcin BekerMalatya province is the leading apricot-producing region of T & uuml;rkiye, with 'Hasanbey' and 'Kabaa & scedil;& imath;' being the most widely cultivated cultivars. This study aimed to investigate the enzymatic and biochemical changes in apricot fruits harvested at two altitudes (1000 and 1600 m) and two ripening stages (semi-ripe and fully ripe), and stored under normal atmosphere (NA) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) conditions. Total phenolic content (TPC) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were measured at 15-day intervals to evaluate their correlation with fruit browning. Browning was observed in semi-ripe 'Kabaa & scedil;& imath;' fruits harvested at 1600 m, where TPC and PPO activity reached 963.17 mg GAE/kg FW and 2089.93 U/mg protein, respectively. In contrast, no browning occurred in fully ripe fruits or in the 'Hasanbey' cultivar. These results suggest that increased TPC and PPO activity may contribute to browning during storage and transport. Therefore, it is recommended to harvest 'Kabaa & scedil;& imath;' apricots at a more advanced ripening stage to minimize quality losses.Öğe EVALUATION OF NEW TURKISH APRICOT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE IRANO-CAUCASIAN ECO-GEOGRAPHICAL GROUP(Serbian Genetics Soc, 2022) Asma, Bayram Murat; Karaat, Firat Ege; Cuhaci, CigdemThis study presents 19 characters of 86 apricot cultivars and genotypes of the IranoCaucasian eco-geographical group evaluated using principal component analysis. The high variability and differences among the apricot genotypes in terms of morphological, phenological and fruit quality traits were defined. The fruit size of the genotypes was generally very small (9.3 %) or small (43.0 %), the total rate of big and very big fruit genotypes was only 16.3%. The data showed that 90.1 % of the genotypes had yellow ground fruit colour, 88.4% had sweet kernel and 65% had firmness >= 5 kg/cm(2). About half of the apricot genotypes have 20% or high total soluble solids content. Most of the genotypes ( 67.3%) were harvested in mid-season and other genotypes (23.3%) were harvested early, while 4.7% of them were harvested very late, 3.5 % of the genotypes late. Only one genotype (1.2%) was harvested very early. The fruit size was highly correlated with fruit weight, pit weight and fruit flesh/pit rate. The same correlation was also observed between the fruit ground colour and fruit flesh colour. On the other hand, the total soluble solids were moderately correlated with fruit flesh firmness and seed taste. The results of the principal component analysis show that the 55% of the total variation is represented for the first three main components (22.9, 19.8, and 12.3%, respectively). The germplasm presented a large variation in the evaluated characters and most of the genotypes were found having high total soluble solids and low titratable acidity which would be beneficial for future breeding programs held to improve the related characters.Öğe Fruit quality and biochemical characteristics of new early ripening apricots of Turkey(Springer, 2021) Çuhacı, Çiğdem; Karaat, Fırat Ege; Uğur, Yılmaz; Erdoğan, Selim; Asma, Bayram MuratIn this study, the important fruit quality characteristics of 11 early ripening and promising apricot hybrids and reference cultivars recently developed in Turkey were analyzed. A large variation was observed between the genotypes in terms of fruit size (fruit weight ranged from 34.28 to 72.53 g). The total soluble solids which is one of the significant fruit quality parameters for the table apricots, was found between 10.07 and 18.27% and fruit flesh/kernel rate was between 9.6 and 18.42. Epicatechin, rutin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate and ?-carotene were found to be the highest bioactive compounds. A large variation was also determined among the genotypes in this regard. ABP-4-23 and ABP-7-12 apricot genotypes were rich with respect to catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin and ?-carotene. The highest catachin and epicatechin contents were obtained in ABP-4-23 (176.76 and 517.45 mg/kg, respectively). In terms of ?-carotene ABP-2-24 and ABP-1-18 presented the highest values (127.45 and 119.54 mg/kg, respectively). Fruit weight was found highly and positively correlated with kernel weight and total soluble solids (r?=?0.65 and r?=?0.61, respectively). Fruit weight was also found to be moderately correlated with rutin, quercetin, and ?-carotene, while corrrelations was negative for rutin and ?-carotene. Total acidity was moderately correlated with catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and ?-carotene in positive way.Öğe Meyvelerde Hasat Öncesi Koruyucu Torba Uygulamaları(Sırnak University, 2023) Çuhacı, Çiğdem; Çalışkan, Mehmet; Asma, Bayram MuratBitkisel üretimde kullanılan tarımsal ilaç ve gübrelerin çevre ve insan sağlığına olumsuz etkilerine karşı tüketicilerin hassasiyeti son yıllarda bir hayli artmıştır. Eğitimli ve bilinçli tüketiciler meyvenin fiziksel ve duyusal özellikleri kadar gıda hijyeni ve güvenliğini de önemsemektedir. Sağlıklı ve kaliteli meyve üretiminde koruyucu torba kullanımı son yıllarda hızla yaygınlaşan bir tekniktir. ‘Meyve torbalama/poşetleme’, hasattan belirli bir süre önce meyvelerin tek tek veya salkım halinde kâğıt veya plastik torbalara alınıp belirli bir süre dış ortamdan izole edilme tekniğidir. Çin, Japonya, ABD, Hindistan, Avustralya, Şili ve Tayvan’da elma, armut, portakal, muz, üzüm ve mango gibi birçok meyvede uzun yıllardan beri uygulanmaktadır. Torbalama, meyvede kuş, böcek, hastalık ve mekanik zararlanmaya karşı fiziksel bir koruma ortamı sağlamakta, kabuk çatlaması, güneş yanıklığı ve ilaç kalıntısını azaltmaktadır.Öğe Preharvest Bagging Influences Berry Quality and Phenolic Composition in 'Kureyş' and 'Banaz Kara' Grape Cultivars(Springer, 2025) Cuhaci, Cigdem; Zengin, Rukiye; Unal, Mehmet Settar; Erdogan, Selim; Turan, Sebahat; Asma, Bayram MuratBagging is a crucial practice for achieving high-quality grape production and to enhance the commercial value of the fruit. The present study investigated the effects of bagging on the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of the 'Kurey & scedil;' and 'Banaz Kara' grape varieties, which are widely cultivated in Turkey. The fruits were bagged using brown paper bags at the pea-sized development stage. Significant differences were observed between the two varieties in terms of fruit weight, colour, antioxidant capacity, and specific phenolic compounds. In the 'Kurey & scedil;' variety, bagging was found to enhance antioxidant activity. DPPH increased from 1988.43 mg TE/kg to 2212.53 mg TE/kg, while CUPRAC increased from 3774.28 mg TE/kg to 4534.57 mg TE/kg. The rutin content was also significantly higher in bagged samples (1675.21 mu g/g) compared to unbagged samples (1093.66 mu g/g). However, the concentrations of other important phenolic compounds, including isoquercitrin (10,493.84 mu g/g), eriodictyol (15,620.65 mu g/g), and procyanidin B2 (5573.98 mu g/g), were considerably higher in unbagged fruits. This suggests that exposure to light plays a pivotal role in stimulating the accumulation of these compounds. In the 'Banaz Kara' variety, light exposure was associated with an increased accumulation of phenolic compounds and enhanced skin pigmentation. These findings highlight variety-specific responses and emphasize the importance of adapting vineyard management strategies according to grape variety.w
