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Öğe Development of lidocaine-containing modified pleural talc structures as antibacterial drug delivery systems to prevent pleural effusion or pneumothorax(Springer, 2025) Ozhan, Onural; Koytepe, Suleyman; Ates, Burhan; Acari, Idil Karaca; Gurses, Canbolat; Parlakpinar, HakanPleurodesis is a common practice to close the pleural space and to treat persistent pneumothorax to prevent recurrent pleural effusion. When the patient has pleurodesis, the pleural fluid is drained first and then talc is applied to the pleural space. The talc application process consists of directly depositing the talc structure with the appropriate particle size into the relevant space. Both the space is filled and the patient's lung movement comfort is provided during the breathing process due to the slippery effect of the talc structure. Otherwise, the patient experiences a very painful process during the breathing process. However, some important indications can be observed both during and after the talc deposition. At the beginning of these indications is the formation of infection and innovative practices are very significant in eliminating such an infection. In order to prevent infection during talc process, intensive antibiotic application is made before and after the application. In this study, more effective and innovative talc structures were developed and the talc structure was modified with a zwitter ionic polymeric coating to prevent infection. A surface modification was carried out by attaching 3-vinylpropyl-triethoxysilane binding agent on the appropriately sized talc structures. The functionalized talc structure was transformed into a surface that would work with the kill and release principle. The structure of 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate was modified for this process. A quaternary ammonium structure was formed on the talc surface thereby, bacteria will be killed and then, removed from the surface. In the research, local anesthesic agent lidocaine was also loaded to provide convenience to the patient. Structural characterizations of the obtained structures were performed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR). Its thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of the obtained structures were examined.Öğe Effects of gallic acid and quercetin on the structural, thermal, spectroscopic, in vitro biocompatibility and electronic properties of Au-based hydroxyapatite structure(Elsevier Science Sa, 2024) Keser, Serhat; Dogan, Ahmet; Ates, Tankut; Barzinjy, Azeez A.; Ates, Burhan; Tekin, Suat; Kaygili, OmerThe aim of this study is investigating the structural, thermal, spectroscopic, electronic and biocompatibility properties of the Au-based hydroxyapatites containing quercetin (Q) or gallic acid (GA) at various concentration. Different characterization techniques including; XRD analysis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies, differential thermal analysis, SEM and EDX analysis were utilized. Cell cytotoxicity test was conducted with the cells of MG63 human bone cancer, hFOB 1.19 human osteoblast and Caco-2 human colon cancer. It has been shown that the utilized samples had no cytotoxic activity on the L-929, hFOB 1.19 and MG-63 cells. However, these samples had cytotoxic activity on Caco-2. The current study showed that the bandgap of the un-doped HAp structure was 4.976 eV. The crystallite size is also affected by Au-doping, type of the as-used biological additive and its amount. Also, the as-produced samples were thermally stable in the range from room temperature to 1000 degrees C. The particle size distributions of the samples were found at variable ranges. The molar ratios were close to the stoichiometric value of 1.667. These novel findings not only expand our appreciation for the role of dopants in materials science but also opens avenues for deliberate engineering of electronic properties for enhanced performance in various applications.Öğe Electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Microbial Chondroitin Sulfate (CS)-Based Transdermal Patches for Optimized Ribociclib Delivery(Amer Chemical Soc, 2025) Gunduz Tavlar, Nermin; Balcioglu, Sevgi; Erenler, Ayse Sebnem; Ates, BurhanBreast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer worldwide and a leading cause of mortality in women, demanding advanced drug delivery strategies. Ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor used in hormone-dependent breast cancer therapy, is effective but requires high oral doses, leading to severe systemic toxicity. To overcome this limitation, we developed electrospun PCL/CS-based transdermal patches designed to enhance drug bioavailability, prolong half-life, and minimize side effects. Extensive characterization confirmed the structural integrity and performance of the patches, demonstrating high swelling capacity (81-93%), superior thickness uniformity (95-100%), and exceptional folding endurance (1000-1540 cycles). The patches exhibited excellent weight homogeneity (92-99%) for consistent drug distribution, while adhesion strength (144-386 kPa) ensured stable skin attachment. HPLC analysis revealed sustained Ribociclib release (similar to 95% over 48 h), and ex vivo rat skin diffusion studies confirmed high permeability (68-81%), indicating effective transdermal absorption. Drug retention efficiency exceeded 95% in both the reservoir and drug release layers. Biocompatibility assessments with L-929 fibroblasts demonstrated excellent cell viability (90-95%), while MCF-7 breast cancer cells exhibited potent cytotoxicity (93-94%), comparable to standard Ribociclib treatment. Despite the therapeutic potential of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), Ribociclib has been scarcely explored in this context. This study pioneers a promising alternative for controlled, sustained drug release, potentially revolutionizing breast cancer treatment by improving patient compliance, reducing systemic toxicity, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes.Öğe Experimental characterization and theoretical investigation of Ce/Yb co-doped hydroxyapatites(Elsevier Science Sa, 2022) Acar, Serdar; Kaygili, Omer; Ates, Tankut; Dorozhkin, Sergey, V; Bulut, Niyazi; Ates, Burhan; Hssain, Ala HamdIn the present study, the effects of variable amounts of Yb addition on the structural, thermal, and in vitro biocompatibility properties of Ce-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) samples synthesized via the wet chemical method were investigated. Besides, the prepared formulations were also modeled for making the theoretical investigations. The single-phase compositions were detected for all samples, and no formation of additional phases was observed. Doping with Yb was observed to produce some variations in the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, lattice strain, and lattice stress. While a decreasing trend in the crystallite size and crystallization percent with increasing Yb content was found, a gradual increase in the anisotropic energy density was observed. All samples were found to be thermally stable from room temperature to 1000 degrees C with negligible mass losses during heating. No significant morphological changes were caused by the addition of Yb. For all samples, the numerical values of (Ca + Ce + Yb)/P molar ratio were found to be close to that for stoichiometric HAp (1.67). It was observed that the increased Yb additive caused a decrease in cell viability values. A continuous decrease in the bandgap energy with the increasing amounts of Yb added to the Ce-based HAp structure was observed from the theoretical investigations. A sharp decrease in the cell viability of the Ce-based HAp was observed with the addition of Yb.Öğe Exploring the electronic band structure, spectroscopic signatures, and structural properties of Er3+-based hydroxyapatites co-doped with Ce3+ions(Elsevier, 2023) Ahmed, Lana Omar; Bulut, Niyazi; Banares, Luis; Kaygili, Omer; Kebiroglu, Hanifi; Ates, Tankut; Ates, BurhanIn this work, we have investigated Ce3+ and Er3+ co-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) structures both theoretically and experimentally for the first time. The Ce3+ content was incrementally varied in steps of 0.13 at. %, ranging from 0.13 at. % to 0.78 at. %. Meanwhile, the Er3+ content remained constant at 0.39 at. % for all samples. We employed X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro biocompatibility tests to examine the prepared samples. Our findings demonstrate that the thermal behavior, morphology, and other crystal structure-related parameters are significantly influenced by the con-centration of Ce3+. The formation of HAp structures was confirmed through FTIR and Raman spectroscopic analyses. Furthermore, we conducted theoretical calculations to determine the linear absorption coefficient, density of states, and bandgap. These calculations revealed that the addition of Ce3+ atoms at varying concen-trations resulted in an increase in density from 3.174 to 3.195 g cm-3, while the bandgap gradually decreased from 4.16 to 4.10 eV, except for the 0.26Ce-0.39Er-HAp and 0.52Ce-0.39Er-HAp compositions, where the energy bandgap exhibited an increase.Öğe Immobilization of α-Amylase onto Quantum Dots Prepared from Hypericum perforatum L. Flowers and Hypericum capitatum Seeds: Its Physicochemical and Biochemical Characterization(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2023) Acari, Idil Karaca; Dik, Gamze; Bakar, Busra; Ulu, Ahmet; Onal, Yunus; Ates, BurhanEnzyme immobilization is an effective way to increase the catalytic activity and stability of the alpha-amylase (Amy) enzyme for industrial uses. For this purpose, carbon and graphene quantum dot (QDs) structures were prepared from Hypericum perforatum L. flowers (QD-1), and Hypericum capitatum seeds (QD-2) obtained from an herbalist in Hatay province of Turkey. Structural and morphological characterization of the prepared QDs and QDs/Amy were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Meanwhile, biochemical characterizations such as optimum pH and temperature, kinetic parameters, effects of metal ions, organic solvents, and trypsin digestion on enzyme activity were performed and compared with free Amy. The Amy enzyme was immobilized with an activity efficiency of 71.15% for QD-1/Amy, and 81.51% for QD-2/Amy under optimal conditions. The difference in activity efficiency between QD-1/Amy and QD-2/Amy was likely due to a change in the surface porosity of QDs structures. While the optimal pH value of all three forms of Amy was recorded as 6.0, their optimal temperature was found to be 40 degrees C. The activation energy (E-a) of the free Amy was found to be 4.81 kJ/mol, while it was 9.61 kJ/mol, and 3.20 kJ/mol for QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy, respectively. K-m values were calculated as 1.18, 1.57, and 1.35 mg/mL for free Amy, QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy, respectively, and V-max values were calculated as 37.52, 37.60, and 39.93 mu mol/min, respectively. Kinetic data revealed that the immobilized enzymes had lower substrate affinity compared to the free Amy. Besides, the QD-1/Amy and QD-2/Amy exhibited more stability than free Amy against metal ions, organic solvents as well as trypsin digestion due to the increment in conformational rigidity caused by changes in the secondary structures of the immobilized enzyme. For instance, after incubation with trypsin for 120 min, free Amy, QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy retained approximately 20%, 35%, and 26% of initial activities, respectively. Finally, it can be proposed that the prepared carriers in this work may a useful to produce stable and active immobilized Amy to be used in industrial applications.Öğe Impact of quercetin and gallic acid on the electronic, structural, spectroscopic, thermal properties and in vitro bioactivity of silver-modified hydroxyapatite(Elsevier Science Sa, 2025) Keser, Serhat; Firat, Melikehatun; Barzinjy, Azeez A.; Kareem, Rebaz Obaid; Ates, Tankut; Ates, Burhan; Kaygili, OmerHydroxyapatite (HAp) possesses outstanding characteristics, for instance biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, which are vital for bone reconstruction. Nevertheless, it remains passive against infectious bacteria that can cultivate in compromised bone tissue, and its usage in some individuals under care might result in some objectionable provocative responses. Gallic acid (GA) and quercetin (Que) are recognised for their explicit biological activites. Connecting these properties with silver-modified HAp is remarkably interesting. The current study examined the preparation of un-doped HAp and Ag-based samples in the presence of various extents of GA and Que using the neutralization method at room temperature. The impact of GA and Que on the electronic, structural, thermal, spectroscopic, and biocompatibility properties of HAp and Ag-modified HAp were investigated intensively. Also, mouse fibroblast (L929), human osteoblast (hFOB 1.19), human bone cancer (MG-63) and human colon cancer (Caco-2) cell lines obtained from the ATCC were used for cytotoxic and biocompatibility assays. The bandgap of the distinct regions (occupation of Ca(I) and Ca(II) sites) using DFT were 3.837 and 4.211 eV, respectively. This study showed that introducing Ag as a dopant reduced the bandgap dramatically. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the as-prepared samples possess polycrystalline structure. While, the lattice parameters and volume of the unit cell were increased after adding Ag as a dopant. However, both GA and Que containing samples, remarkably decrease these parameters. Both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy utilized to investigate the nature of bonding structure for the utilized samples. It has been shown that the addition of Ag into the HAp causes an increase in the specific heat capacity. SEM images and EDX analysis confirm the distribution of the utilized elements and the purity of the samples. Overall, the prepared Ag-HAp/GA and Ag-HAp/Que samples offered structural and chemical characteristics close to those of ordinary bone that make them a good candidate for bone tissue regeneration.Öğe Synthesis of Gum Arabic-Based Biopolymer Network and Determination of Its Toxicity Properties in In Vitro - In Vivo Model Systems(2024) AÇARI, İDİL KARACA; TURHAN, DUYGU OZHAN; KURUÇAY, Ali; Koytepe, Suleyman; Ates, BurhanIn this study, gum arabic based network polymers were prepared using epoxy functional PEG structures. The basic physicochemical properties of these structures, their structural characterization, thermal properties and morphological properties were investigated. Toxicity properties of constructs synthesized on zebrafish (Danio rerio (Hamilton)) offspring were determined in vivo. In addition, in vitro toxicity tests were performed on L929 fibroblast cells. When the general properties of these structures were examined. Structural and thermal properties were better with increasing cross-linker rates ratios (1%, 3%, 5%). According to the toxicity test performed on zebrafish juveniles; GA-PEG-Epox (1%) constructs are non-toxic to zebrafish juveniles. The mortality rate of GA-PEG-Epox (3%) and GA-PEG-Epox (5%) structures was observed as 12.5% and 20.8%, respectively. It was observed that the structures were not toxic to zebrafish juveniles. MTT test performed on L929 fibroblast cells, high cell viability (>90%) was observed in all synthesized structures. These results are evaluated as Grade 1 according to ISO standards.Öğe Synthesis of new anthraquinone compounds and evaluation of their considerable xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities(Arkat Usa Inc, 2022) Parladi, Ufuk; Yilmaz, Ulku; Noma, Samir Abbas Ali; Ates, Burhan; Kucukbay, HasanA series of anthraquinone derivatives (1-11) was prepared using alkyl halides, quinizarin, and danthron. The structural analysis of new compounds was carried out by 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of compounds were measured using allopurinol as a standard. Inhibition abilities were identified by measuring the uric acid formation at 294 nm at 37 degrees C. According to the IC50 values of the compounds, it was observed that all the compounds in the group had higher inhibition values than allopurinol.Öğe Tire Rubber Based Microplastic Particles Cause Adverse on Quality Parameters of Rainbow Trout Sperm Cells(Springer, 2024) Ozgur, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Sezer, Selda; Koytepe, Sueleyman; Ates, BurhanIn the present study, we aimed to determine the parameters of oxidative stress markers, motility and kinematics of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm cells exposed to different doses (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L, in vitro 4 h) of tire rubber based microplastic particles (TRMP-Ps) the leachates procedure of rubber pieces. First of all, TRMP-Ps were prepared by abrasion method in accordance with the literature. Structural and morphological features of TRMP-Ps were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods, respectively. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis technique was used to characterize the elemental composition of TRMP-Ps. Particle size of microplastic structures was measured hydrodynamically with dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS). After exposure, the effect of TRMP-Ps was defined by the observations of kinematics and antioxidant activities in sperm cells. Our findings showed that the straight line velocity, the curvilinear velocity, the angular path velocity, and the amplitude of lateral displacement of sperm cells decreased. Moreover, while the level of superoxide dismutase decreased dose-dependently against the toxicity of TRMP-Ps, no significant change was observed in the levels of malondialdehyde and total glutathione. The 4-h median effective concentrations (EC50) of TRMP-Ps based on mobility parameters of sperm ranged from 0.31 mg/L for reduced straight line velocity of sperm cells to 0.51 mg/L for reduced amplitude of lateral displacement of the spermatozoa head. Therefore, we concluded that TRMP-Ps can be a risk for the reproduction cycle of fish in aquatic environments.Öğe Tuning electronic properties of hydroxyapatite through controlled doping using zinc, silver, and praseodymium: A density of states and experimental study(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Sahin, Binnur; Ates, Tankut; Acari, Idil Karaca; Barzinjy, Azeez A.; Ates, Burhan; Ozcan, Imren; Kaygili, OmerThis study presents a comprehensive exploration of the electronic properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) doped with zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), and praseodymium (Pr). Five distinct compositions-0.4Pr-HA, 0.4Zn-0.4Pr-HA, 0.8Zn0.4Pr-HA, 0.4Ag-0.4Pr-HA, and 0.8Zn-0.4Pr-HA were systematically investigated through Density of States (DOS) and band structure calculations. The computed band gap values, ranging from 4.4037 to 4.1554 eV, revealed a progressive decrease in band gap energy from 0.4Pr-HA to 0.8Ag-0.4Pr-HA, emphasizing the substantial impact of dopant composition on electronic properties. Additionally, the incorporation of Pr induced distinct bands and peaks in the density of states, signifying the emergence of specific energy levels associated with Pr and suggesting a clear effect on the electronic structure. Furthermore, the study explores the influences of dopant type and quantity on the electronic structure, microstructure, spectral, thermal, and in vitro cell viability properties of Pr-based HA samples. Theoretical results demonstrated a continuous decrease in the bandgap with Ag or Zn dopants, and the study observed controllable changes in LAC values based on co-dopant type and quantity. Experimental outcomes revealed significant effects on crystallinity, crystallite size, lattice parameters, and unit cell volume, confirmed through XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and Raman analyses. These findings provide valuable visions into the tunability of the electronic properties of HA through controlled doping with Zn, Pr, and Ag. This knowledge is crucial for modifying materials with desirable electronic properties, and thus holds promise for various applications in electronic devices and biocompatible coatings.
