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    Protective effect of melatonin on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
    (Aves, 2014) Bilginoglu, Ayca; Aydin, Duygu; Ozsoy, Seyma; Aygun, Hatice
    Objectives: Adriamycin is one of the most widely used anticancer drugs. The major limiting factor of using this drug is the development of cardiotoxicity. However, melatonin (N-acetyl-5- methoxytryptamine) is a ubiquitous molecule as a good antioxidant that may protect the heart. We investigated whether or not pretreatment with melatonin can attenuate adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity. Study design: All procedures and experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Gazi Osman Pasa University (2012-HADYEK-022). Adult male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely control (CON, n=7), melatonin (MEL, n=7), adriamycin (ADR, n=7), and adriamycin+melatonin (ADR+MEL, n=7) groups. Cardiotoxicity in rats was induced by adriamycin injection (cumulative dose: 18 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) at an interval of 24 hours (h) on the 5th, 6th and 7th days. Rats receiving melatonin treatment in the adriamycin group received melatonin (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 7 days and were injected with adriamycin (18 mg/kg, i. p.) on 5th, 6th and 7th days. On the 8th day, gravimetric, electrocardiography (ECG) and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: Adriamycin induction caused changes in the ECG pattern, including ST-segment elevation and decreased R-amplitude, increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers (creatine kinase [CK], CK-MB, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase), decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase), elevated lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), and altered lipid profile in the serum. Melatonin treatment prevented all the parameters of adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Conclusion: Melatonin has a protective effect on the heart against adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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    The Effect of Varying Doses of Intravenous Paracetamol on the Electrical Activity of the Brain in Penicillin-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats
    (Kare Publ, 2015) Mumcuoglu, Ibrahim; Kurt, Semiha; Aydin, Duygu; Ekici, Fatih; Kasap, Zeynep; Solmaz, Volkan; Aygun, Hatice
    Objectives: Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic agent. It has been reported that N-arachidonoyl-phenolamine, the active metabolite of paracetamol, reduces epilepsy by activating the endocannabinoid system in some models of experimental epilepsy. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine well known to have anticonvulsant effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different doses of paracetamol on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity (PIEA) in rats. Methods: Rats anesthetized with urethane (1.25 g/ kg, intraperitoneal) were placed in a stereotaxic frame. Body temperatures were maintained at 37 degrees C by a heating blanket. An epileptic focus was produced by 500 IU Penicillin G (PGP) injection into the soma-motor cortex using a hole drilled into the cranium. Paracetamol (100, 150 and 300 mg/ kg, respectively) and diazepam (5 mg/ kg) were administered thirty minutes after PGP injection, and their effects on the epileptiform activity were examined comparatively. Electrocorticographic activity was monitored for two hours. Results: Intracortical injection of PGP (500 units) induced epileptiform activity in all groups of rats. Diazepam caused a statistical significant decrease in the epileptiform activity in the 40th minute after PGP injection. Paracetamol (100 mg/ kg) application did not influence the PIEA (p> 0.05). However, 150 and 300 mg/ kg IV paracetamol had a statistically significant effect on the antiepileptic activity (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that 150 and 300 mg/ kg doses of paracetamol had an effect on PIEA. Further studies are needed to understand the reasons for this effect.
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    The effects of agomelatine and melatonin on ECoG activity of absence epilepsy model in WAG/Rij rats
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2015) Aygun, Hatice; Aydin, Duygu; Inanir, Sema; Ekici, Fatih; Ayyildiz, Mustafa; Agar, Erdal
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the melatonergic M1 and M2 receptor agonist and serotonergic 5-HT2C receptor antagonist agomelatine on the spike wave discharges (SWDs) seen in electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings of WAG/Rij rats with absence epilepsy. Twenty-one WAG/Rij male rats were used in this study. Tripolar electrodes were placed on skulls and control ECoG activities were recorded. Experimental groups received normal saline (Group I: 1 mL, intraperitoneally (i.p)), agomelatine (Group II: 40 mg/kg, i.p), and melatonin (Group III: 40 mg/kg, i.p) injections for 7 days. Following this period, 2-h ECoG recordings were repeated. The number of SWDs and their durations were calculated. The total number and duration of SWDs decreased in both the agomelatine and melatonin groups. The systemic administration of agomelatine and melatonin attenuated the genetic absence epilepsy seizures in WAG/Rij rats. The repressive effect of agomelatine on the absence seizures was similar to that of the melatonin used in this study.