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    Growth of weeds and their chemical control under climate change conditions
    (Inst Ochrony Roslin, Panstwowy Inst Badawczy, 2025) Tursun, Nihat; Jabran, Khawar; Bozdogan, Olcay; Karaman, Yucel
    Climate change has a great influence on weed growth and susceptibility of weeds to herbicides. This study determined the effect of six herbicides on three weed species under different CO2 concentrations and temperature levels. The weeds in the study were: (i) wild oat (Avena fatua), (ii) lambsquarter (Chenopodium album), and (iii) wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis). The herbicides used in this study were: (i) 240 g . l(-1) clodinafop-propargyl, (ii) 3% mesosulfuron-methyl + 0.6% iodosulfuron-methyl sodium + 9% mefenpyr-diethyl, (iii) 40 g . l(-1) nicosulfuron, (iv) 480 g . l(-1) glyphosate isopropylamine salt, (v) 75% tribenuron methyl and (vi) 3% mesosulfuron-methyl + 0.6% iodosulfuron-methyl sodium + 9% mefenpyr-diethyl + 300 g . l(-1) bromoxynil + 300 g . l(-1) MCPA. The study was carried out in a fully automated greenhouse which could be adjusted with desired CO2 concentration and temperature. The weeds were exposed to three different temperatures (day/night 26/16 +/- 1, 29/19 +/- 1 and 32/22 +/- 1 degrees C) and CO2 (400 +/- 50, 600 +/- 50 and 800 +/- 50 ppm) levels. A temperature of 26/16 +/- 1 degrees C plus a CO2 level of 400 +/- 50 ppm was considered as the control. Results showed that 26/16 degrees C x 800 ppm CO2 produced the highest plant length (65.05 cm), plant fresh weight (7.42 g) and plant dry weight (1.31 g) for A. fatua. Similarly, for S. arvensis, the same treatment showed the highest plant length (31.63 cm), plant fresh weight (23.99 g) and plant dry weight (1.82 g) while for C. album, different climatic conditions did not show a significant effect on the growth of this weed. The ED50 values of herbicides for controlling A. fatua, C. album and S. arvensis increased (112.8, 0.6 and 199.4) with an increase in temperature and CO2 levels, respectively. It is predicted that the control of some weeds will be difficult in the climate change that includes an increase in temperature and carbon dioxide in the future.
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    Impact of integrated weed control methods on yield performance and sustainable weed suppression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Kucuk, Omer; Bozdogan, Olcay
    Weed infestation remains a major constraint limiting the yield potential of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. Weeds compete with the crop for light, water, and nutrients, and if not effectively managed, they can cause severe yield and quality losses. Developing sustainable and efficient weed management strategies is therefore essential for maintaining crop productivity and reducing economic losses in sugar beet cultivation. This two-year field experiment (2020-2021) was conducted in Yeni Village, Do & gbreve;an & scedil;ehir District, Malatya Province, T & uuml;rkiye, to assess the impact of various weed control methods on yield performance and weed suppression. The study employed a randomized complete block design with twelve treatments and four replications, including weedy and weed-free controls, herbicide applications, and combinations of herbicides with hand hoeing or power tillage. Yield components (total plant weight, root weight, leaf weight, root diameter, and plant length) and weed parameters (density, cover, fresh and dry weight) were recorded and statistically analysed. The highest yield was obtained from the weed-free control, followed by the integrated treatments combining pre-emergence herbicide (700 g L-1 metamitron) with one or two hand hoeings. These methods reduced the dry weight of the weeds by between 90.14% and 96.11% and increased yield by up to 365% compared with the weedy control. Herbicide-only treatments were less effective in sustaining yield and suppressing weeds. The findings emphasize that integrating chemical and mechanical control methods provides superior and more sustainable weed suppression, underscoring the importance of integrated weed management in sugar beet production systems.