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    The Cytotoxicity, DNA Fragmentation, and Decreasing Velocity Induced By Chromium(III) Oxide on Rainbow Trout Spermatozoa
    (Springer, 2022) Özgür, Mustafa Erkan; Ulu, Ahmet; Gürses, Canbolat; Özcan, İmren; Samir Abbas Ali, Noma; Köytepe, Süleyman; Ateş, Burhan
    The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of chromium(III) oxide micro particles (Cr2O3-Ps) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) spermatozoa. Firstly, Cr2O3-Ps were synthesized and structurally characterized the surface, morphological for particle size and thermal properties. In addition, its structural and elemental purity was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum and elemental maps. Structural purity, thermal properties, and stability of Cr2O3-Ps were also examined in detail by performing thermal analysis techniques. The cytotoxicity of Cr2O3-Ps was measured by the observation of velocities, antioxidant activities, and DNA damages in rainbow trout spermatozoa after exposure during 3 h in vitro incubation. The straight line velocity (VSL), the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the angular path velocity (VAP) of spermatozoa decreased after exposure to Cr2O3-Ps. While the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the catalase (CAT) decreased, the lipid peroxidation increased in a dose-dependent manner. However, the total glutathione (tGSH) was not affected in this period. DNA damages were also determined in spermatozoa using Comet assay. According to DNA in tail (%) data, DNA damages have been detected with gradually increasing concentrations of Cr2O3-Ps. Furthermore, all of class types which are categorized as the intensity of DNA fragmentation has been observed between 50 and 500 µg/L concentrations of Cr2O3-Ps exposed to rainbow trout spermatozoa. At the end of this study, we determined that the effective concentrations (EC50) were 76.67 µg/L for VSL and 87.77 µg/L for VCL. Finally, these results about Cr2O3-Ps may say to be major risk concentrations over 70 µg/L for fish reproduction in aquatic environments.
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    Theoretical and experimental characterization of Pr/Ce co-doped hydroxyapatites
    (Elsevier, 2021) İbrahimzade, Lala; Kaygılı, Ömer; Dündar, Serkan; Ateş, Tankut; Dorozhkin, Sergey V.; Bulut, Niyazi; Köytepe, Süleyman; Ercan, Filiz; Gürses, Canbolat; Ercan, Filiz; Hssain, Ala Hamd
    This study presents a more extensive report on the experimental and theoretical characterization of the Ce-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) samples additionally doped with Pr at varying amounts. To achieve this goal, four Ce-containing (a constant amount of 0.35 at.%) HAps additionally doped with Pr at various amounts (0.35, 0.70, 1.05, and 1.40 at.%) were synthesized via a combustion method. Besides, all these samples were modeled theoretically by using a density functional theory (DFT). Theoretical results showed that the bandgap energy decreased continuously from 4.5156 to 4.3097 eV. For all samples, the linear attenuation (or absorption) coefficient increased with the increasing amount of Pr and this parameter had a decreasing trend with the increase in the photon energy. An increase in the theoretical density and the lattice parameter c and a decrease of both the lattice parameter a and the unit cell volume were found. After analyzing the experimental data, the following results were observed: X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data verified the formation of HAp phase (above 94% for all the samples) as the major phase and beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) as the minor one. The amount of ?-TCP phase was found to increase from 3.4 to 5.9% with the addition of Pr. Similar to the theoretical findings, an increasing trend for the density and decreasing one for the unit cell volume were detected. Both a decrease in the crystallinity and an increase in the anisotropic energy density were found. The results of the thermal analysis supported the thermal stability of all the samples. The cell viability was found to be affected by Pr-content.