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    Protective Effect of Melatonin on Infrarenal Aortic Occlusion: This Effect Is Related to Anti-inflammatory Effect and Antioxidant Effect
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2014) Ahsen, Ahmet; Gonul, Yucel; Genc, Abdurrahman; Ulu, Memnune Sena; Yagmurca, Murat; Kocogullari, Cevdet Ugur; Celik, Sefa
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Stereological and Morphometric Analysis of MRI Chiari Malformation Type-1
    (Korean Neurosurgical Soc, 2015) Alkoc, Ozan Alper; Songur, Ahmet; Eser, Olcay; Toktas, Muhsin; Gonul, Yucel; Esi, Ertap; Haktanir, Alpay
    Objective : In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying ethiological factors in chiari malformation (CM) type-I (CMI) via performing volumetric and morphometric length-angle measurements. Methods : A total of 66 individuals [33 patients (20-65 years) with CMI and 33 control subjects] were included in this study. In sagittal MR images, tonsillar herniation length and concurrent anomalies were evaluated. Supratentorial, infratentorial, and total intracranial volumes were measured using Cavalieri method. Various cranial distances and angles were used to evaluate the platybasia and posterior cranial fossa (PCF) development. Results : Tonsillar herniation length was measured 9.09 +/- 3.39 mm below foramen magnum in CM group. Tonsillar herniation/concurrent syringomyelia, concavity/defect of clivus, herniation of bulbus and fourth ventricle, basilar invagination and craniovertebral junction abnormality rates were 30.3, 27, 18, 2, 3, and 3 percent, respectively. Absence of cisterna magna was encountered in 87.9% of the patients. Total, IT and ST volumes and distance between Chamberlain line and tip of dens axis, Klaus index, clivus length, distance between internal occipital protuberance and opisthion were significantly decreased in patient group. Also in patient group, it was found that Welcher basal angle/Boogard angle increased and tentorial slope angle decreased. Conclusion : Mean cranial volume and length-angle measurement values significantly decreased and there was a congenital abnormality association in nearly 81.5 percent of the CM cases. As a result, it was concluded that CM ethiology can be attributed to multifactorial causes. Moreover, congenital defects can also give rise to this condition.
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    The effects of IL-18BP on mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic genes in renal injury induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion
    (Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2016) Gonul, Yucel; Genc, Abdurrahman; Ahsen, Ahmet; Bal, Ahmet; Hazman, Omer; Toktas, Muhsin; Ulu, M. Sena
    Background: Renal injury is an important complication of infrarenal aortic occlusion (IAO), which is mainly encountered during the postoperative period. Aortic clamping procedure may lead to turbulent blood flow and eventually vasoconstriction at renal arterial level of the abdominal aorta. IL-18BP has well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we aimed to determine whether IL-18BP has anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and protective effects on acute kidney damage induced by IAO rat model. Materials and methods: A total of 30 adult male Wistar-Albino rats were equally and randomly separated to three groups as follows: SHAM laparotomy, ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and IR + IL-18BP. We applied 30-min IAO and 2-h reperfusion. Inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-18, IL-6, and IFN-gamma) and oxidative stress parameters (TAS, TOS, and OSI) were measured. In addition to this, urea and creatinine levels, histopathology of kidney, mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic genes were investigated. Results: Urea and creatinine, tissue and serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-18, IFN-gamma, and TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were found significantly lower in IR + IL-18BP group, when compared to the IR group. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic genes were prominently depressed in IR + IL-18BP pre-treatment group in histopathologic examination, there was a significant difference between the IR and other three groups (P < 0.001). These improvements were demonstrated with a total score of histopathologic damage. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that IL-18BP has antioxidant, inflammatory, and protective effects on liver and spinal cord IR injury. Data established from the present study suggest that IL-18BP may exert anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and protective effects on IAO-induced acute kidney injury in rats, and this would be the first study to be conducted in this field. Conclusions: Data established from the present study suggest that IL-18BP may exert anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and protective effects on IAO-induced acute kidney injury in rats. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.