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    Development of lidocaine-containing modified pleural talc structures as antibacterial drug delivery systems to prevent pleural effusion or pneumothorax
    (Springer, 2025) Ozhan, Onural; Koytepe, Suleyman; Ates, Burhan; Acari, Idil Karaca; Gurses, Canbolat; Parlakpinar, Hakan
    Pleurodesis is a common practice to close the pleural space and to treat persistent pneumothorax to prevent recurrent pleural effusion. When the patient has pleurodesis, the pleural fluid is drained first and then talc is applied to the pleural space. The talc application process consists of directly depositing the talc structure with the appropriate particle size into the relevant space. Both the space is filled and the patient's lung movement comfort is provided during the breathing process due to the slippery effect of the talc structure. Otherwise, the patient experiences a very painful process during the breathing process. However, some important indications can be observed both during and after the talc deposition. At the beginning of these indications is the formation of infection and innovative practices are very significant in eliminating such an infection. In order to prevent infection during talc process, intensive antibiotic application is made before and after the application. In this study, more effective and innovative talc structures were developed and the talc structure was modified with a zwitter ionic polymeric coating to prevent infection. A surface modification was carried out by attaching 3-vinylpropyl-triethoxysilane binding agent on the appropriately sized talc structures. The functionalized talc structure was transformed into a surface that would work with the kill and release principle. The structure of 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate was modified for this process. A quaternary ammonium structure was formed on the talc surface thereby, bacteria will be killed and then, removed from the surface. In the research, local anesthesic agent lidocaine was also loaded to provide convenience to the patient. Structural characterizations of the obtained structures were performed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR). Its thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of the obtained structures were examined.
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    Synthesis and biological evaluation of Au-NHC complexes
    (Wiley, 2022) Ekinci, Orhan; Akkoc, Mitat; Khan, Siraj; Yasar, Sedat; Gurses, Canbolat; Noma, Samir; Yilmaz, Ismet
    New seven Au-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes have been synthesized via transmetalation from Ag-NHC complexes. NHC salts, Ag-NHC, and Au-NHC complexes were fully characterized by widely used spectroscopic techniques. The molecular and crystal structures of 3b and 3f Au-NHC complexes were clarified through the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. According to X-ray diffraction analysis results, the coordination geometry around Au(I) atoms in the complexes are revealed to be almost linear with C-Au-Cl angle. Anticancer activity, DNA binding, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity studies, and molecular docking studies were evaluated for all Au-NHC complexes to explore the binding mechanism at the active site. The IC50 value of Au-NHC complexes against human colorectal cancer (Caco-2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines was defined by MTT assay. The IC50 values for MCF-7 in the range of 5.2 +/- 2 to 152.4 +/- 1 mu M and Caco-2 5.2 +/- 1 to 152.7 +/- 2 mu M showed that 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3g have better anticancer activity than Cisplatin incredibly complex 3a against both cancer cell line. All Au-NHC complexes showed excellent antimicrobial activity against different bacteria and fungi. 3a was the complex that exhibited the best antimicrobial activity here as well. The XO inhibitory activity experimental results indicated that all gold complexes showed remarkable inhibition activity against XO compared to the generally used standard, allopurinol. The range of IC50 value was determined from 0.407 to 2.681 mu M. 3d complex showed the lowest IC50 value at 0.407 mu M. DNA binding experiments were performed using agarose gel electrophoresis to observe the ability of synthesized Au-NHC complexes to interact with the supercoiled pUC19 plasmid DNA. Molecular docking studies were performed to determine the binding mode of all active compounds against the XO enzyme, antibacterial, antifungal, and MCF-7 cell lines.