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Öğe Acute effects of high intensity interval training on cognitive function in smokers and nonsmokers(2025) Karakaş, Neşe; Özyalın, Fatma; Kartal, Mert; Kapikiran, Gurkan; Bayer, Ramazan; Kurt, Zeynep Eker; Keskinkılıç, KorhanThe use of tobacco is widespread among both active and inactive individuals. However, its adverse effects appear less pronounced in those who exercise regularly. Since smoking may differentially impact smokers and nonsmokers, this study examined the immediate effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cognitive performance in both groups. Forty inactive participants (20 smokers, 20 nonsmokers) were included, with mean ages of 20.35±1.26 and 20.15±1.38 years, respectively. The HIIT protocol involved five exercises. Cognitive performance was assessed immediately after the session using the Visual Cognitive Function Test (VCFT) and Auditory Cognitive Function Test (ACFT), each repeated five times, with results recorded in milliseconds. Pre-test VCFT scores were significantly higher in smokers (381.16±7.96 ms) compared to nonsmokers (372.24±11.17 ms, p=0.006). Post-test scores also differed (smokers: 607.50±43.33 ms; nonsmokers: 577.66±20.78 ms, p=0.007). The improvement from pre- to post-test was greater in nonsmokers (-48.39 ms, p < 0.001) than in smokers (-25.39 ms, p=0.021). In ACFT, no significant group differences were found at pre-test (p=0.080) or post-test (p=0.079), but both groups showed significant improvement following HIIT (p<0.001). These results suggest that smoking impairs visual cognitive performance more than auditory function after high-intensity exercise. The differences may stem from smoking-related vascular and neural plasticity deficits, which are critical for cognitive processing during and after exercise. Significance statement: This study highlights that smoking specifically reduces visual cognitive benefits from HIIT, while auditory function remains less affected. These findings emphasize the neurobiological consequences of smoking and support the role of exercise interventions in mitigating its adverse cognitive effects.Öğe Cyberchondria, Covid-19 phobia, and well-being: a relational study on teachers(Mattioli1885, 2022) Karakaş, Neşe; Tekin, Çiğdem; Bentli, Recep; Demir, EkremBackground: This study aims at investigating level and contributor factors of Cyberchondria, COVID-19-related Phobia, and Well-Being in a sample of teachers in Turkey. Methods: The study was conducted on teachers (n=1000) working in a province in eastern Turkey. Data for the study were collected using a form that included particitest, and Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: As participant's cyberchondria levels rose, C19P-SE scores increased (r=0.271, p<0.001), and WHO-5 scores decreased (r=-0.224, p<0.05). Corona-phobia was higher in those who used social media than in those who did not (p<0.05). Cyberchondria scale scores were higher among those who had taken medications without a physician's recommendation during the pandemic. Participants who had a disabled person or a person in need of care in their household had higher scores for distrust of the physician and C19P-SE than for the cyberchondria severity scale sub-dimension, and the WHO-5 mean scores were lower (p<0.001, P=0.016, and P=0.020, respectively).Conclusions: The study results show that increasing levels of cyberchondria trigger COVID-19 phobias in teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic and negatively affect their well-being. This descriptive study can help understand the risk group for cyberchondria, the influencing factors, and the health and economic consequences, and identify strategies for effective combating with cyberchondria.Öğe Investigation of knowledge, attitude and behaviours of parents refusing childhood vaccines in Malatya, an eastern city of Turkey(Nakladatelske Stredisko CLSJE Purkyne, 2021) Gökçe, Ayşe; Karakaş, Neşe; Özer, Ali; Bentli, RecepObjectives: The modern rise of vaccine rejection in society can alter the current progress that has been made towards the control and prevention of certain diseases, possibly even resulting in epidemics involving these preventable diseases. The aim of this study is to analyse the knowledge, attitude and behaviours of parents in Malatya city who rejected childhood vaccines. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between September-November 2019. The study includes parents who rejected vaccines and are registered in the family medicine clinics of Malatya city - total of 453 participants. The objective was to include all parents and avoid a sampling procedure. However, only 151 (33%) parents agreed to participate. These parents who rejected vaccines were individually contacted by phone. Descriptive data was represented by number (n) and percentage (%). The chi-square test was utilized in the statistical analysis of data and p < 0.05 was considered significant in all evaluations. Results: Mothers in the study group had a mean age of 26.07 ± 3.64, while the fathers were on average 30.03 ± 4.59 years of age; 98% of parents were aware of the health risks that vaccine rejection presented; 93% of parents were not satisfied with the explanation, insight, and advice that the healthcare personnel provided regarding vaccines. All parents of the study group stated the following: vaccines should not be administered because other children in their close environment acquired a disease as a result of vaccination, vaccines can harm the immune system of children - not yet fully developed, vaccines are unsafe and endanger the health of children. Conclusions: It can be said that parents who have obtained a lot of false information possess altered decisions and views on vaccinations, to the point where they accept the risks presented by preventable diseases. In addition, individuals lose trust following negative experiences with vaccination.Öğe The effect of caffeine consumption habits of contact tracing teams on anxiety, insomnia, and cardiac symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic period(Mattioli 1885, 2022) Selçuk, Hatice; Karakaş, NeşePurpose: The aim of this study was to examine the caffeine consumption habits and insomnia and anxiety levels of the personnel working in the contact tracing teams in the COVID-19 pandemic and to reveal their relationship with each other and with cardiac symptoms. Design and Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of the personnel working in contact tracing teams affiliated with a provincial health directorate. Data were collected with online questionnaire forms. There are questions intended for the descriptive characteristics, caffeine consumption habits, and cardiac symptoms of the participants, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Insomnia Severity Index in the questionnaire form consisting of three parts. Results: Mild anxiety was detected in 12.0% of the participants, and medium and severe anxiety in 23.6%. The insomnia rate in the participants was found to be 35.6%. A positive correlation was detected between the anxiety scores of the participants and insomnia scores and the number of cardiac symptoms; as their daily caffeine consumption increased, the anxiety, insomnia, and the number of cardiac symptoms increased as well. Practice Implications: Psychological support for healthcare professionals like the contact tracing team working with infected patients in the pandemic period must be ready to be given when necessary. © 2022 Mattioli 1885. All rights reserved.
