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    Antiproliferative effects of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles obtained from walnut shells by green synthesis method on SH-SY5Y cell line
    (Elsevier Inc., 2024) Yeni, Yesim; Nadaroglu, Hayrunnisa; Ertugrul, M. Sait; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet; Alayli, Azize
    Nanoparticles are attracting attention for their potential therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer therapy, underscoring their importance in medicine. Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles, known for their robust catalytic and optical properties, are classified as chalcogenides and show promise for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Neuroblastoma, a common solid tumor in childhood, poses a significant health threat with different outcomes depending on its biological subtype. This study evaluated the antiproliferative effects of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles on the SY-SH5Y cell line. Walnut shell extract and Na2S were used to facilitate the synthesis of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles by green synthesis. Characterization of the synthesized cadmium sulfide nanoparticles was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction analyses. The SH-SY5Y cell line was cultured in a standard cell culture medium and then exposed to different cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (10–25–50–75–100 µg/mL) for 24 hours. Cell viability, oxidant, and antioxidant levels were then assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür, total antioxidant, and total oxidant assays. The data showed that applying 100 μg/mL cadmium sulfide nanoparticles resulted in a significant decrease in cancer cell viability of up to 40.96 % (p<0.05). The cadmium sulfide nanoparticles had a dose-dependent effect on the SH-SY5Y cell line. Furthermore, cadmium sulfide nanoparticles increased oxidative activity in neuroblastoma cells, which was consistent with the results of the 3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür assay. In conclusion, cadmium sulfide nanoparticles exhibited potent activity against the neuroblastoma cell. This study highlights the antiproliferative efficacy of green-synthesized cadmium sulfide nanoparticles with walnut shell extract on relevant cancer cell lines. © 2024 The Authors
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    Effects of quercetin-immobilized albumin cerium oxide nanoparticles on glutamate toxicity: in vitro study
    (Springer, 2025) Yeni, Yesim; Genc, Sidika; Nadaroglu, Hayrunnisa; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet
    One aspect of glutamate (Glut) toxicity may be the opening of the blood-brain barrier to albumin (Al), which in itself can cause nerve cell death. Quercetin (Q) is a polyphenolic substance and has a neuroprotective effect. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (Ce(2)O(3)NPs) are highly interested in biological applications due to their antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of Q-immobilized Al+Ce(2)O(3)NPs in Glut-induced neurotoxicity, mainly focusing on cell viability and neurobiochemical changes. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of Q-immobilized Al+Ce(2)O(3)NPs were performed. After preparing the primary neuron culture, it was exposed to Glut to induce neurotoxicity. Then, various doses of Ce2O3NP, Al+Ce2O3NP, and Q+Al+Ce(2)O(3)NPs (1, 5, 10, and 25 mu g/ml) were applied to the wells and incubated for 24 h. Then, cell viability was determined by MTT analysis. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters were measured. When the obtained data were examined, it was shown that cell viability decreased with Glut concentration but significantly increased with Q+Al+Ce(2)O(3)NPs treatment. When oxidative stress markers were considered, Glut treatment increased LDH, AChE, and TOS levels, while TAC and GSH levels decreased. However, the trend changed after Q+Al+Ce(2)O(3)NPs treatment, suggesting that damaged neurons were protected against oxidative stress. The results of this study indicate that Q+Al+Ce2O3NP can ameliorate Glut-induced neurotoxicity, especially when used at a dose of 25 mu g/ml.
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    Neuroprotective effects of L-Dopa-modified zinc oxide nanoparticles on the rat model of 6-OHDA-ınduced Parkinson's disease
    (Nature Portfolio, 2024) Yeni, Yesim; Genc, Sidika; Ertugrul, Muhammed Sait; Nadaroglu, Hayrunnisa; Gezer, Arzu; Mendil, Ali Sefa; Hacimuftuoglu, Ahmet
    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative case. As the disease progresses, the response time to doses of levodopa (L-Dopa) becomes shorter and the effects of the drug are severely limited by some undesirable side effects such as the 'on-off' phenomenon. In several diseases, including Parkinson's, nanoparticles can deliver antioxidant compounds that reduce oxidative stress. This study evaluates and compares the neuroprotective effects of L-Dopa-modified zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rat model. For this purpose, the synthesis of NPs was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer were used for characterization. The rats were randomized into 9 experimental groups: control, lesion group (6-OHDA), 6-OHDA + 5 mg/kg L-Dopa, 6-OHDA + 10 mg/kg L-Dopa, 6-OHDA + 20 mg/kg L-Dopa, 6-OHDA + 20 mg/kg ZnNPs, 6-OHDA + 40 mg/kg ZnNPs, 6-OHDA + 30 mg/kg ZnNPs + L-Dopa, and 6-OHDA + 60 mg/kg ZnNPs + L-Dopa. Behavioral tests were performed on all groups 14 days after treatment. Phosphatase and tensin homolog, Excitatory amino acid transporter 1/2, and Glutamine synthetase gene analyses were performed on brain samples taken immediately after the tests. In addition, histological and immunohistochemical methods were used to determine the general structure and properties of the tissues. We obtained important findings that L-Dopa-modified ZnNPs increased the activity of glutamate transporters. Our experiment showed that glutamate increases neuronal cell vitality and improves behavioral performance. Therefore, L-Dopa-modified ZnNPs can be used to prevent neurotoxicity. According to what we found, results show that L-Dopa-modified ZnNPs will lend to the effective avoidance and therapy of PD.