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    First Report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia’ Strain Related to Witches’-Broom of Tomato in Türkiye
    (2023) usta, mustafa; güller, abdullah; Sipahioglu, Hikmet Murat
    Phytoplasmas are dangerous bacteria severely infecting agricultural production worldwide. In the present study, the identification of phytoplasmas infecting tomato plants showing symptoms such as small leaves, flower abnormalities, stunting, witches' broom, and reddening was performed. Five plants, two symptomatic and three asymptomatic, were tested to verify phytoplasma infection. Total DNA isolated from 5 leaf samples was used as a template for PCR reactions. The phytoplasma agents were confirmed in the two symptomatic samples. BLASTn search of 16S rRNA of two sequences shared identity similarity of 99.84% with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia’. Computer-simulated virtual RFLP profiles show that the 16S rRNA sequences is identical to the reference pattern of the 16SrII-D subgroup, with a similarity coefficient of 1.00. Based on BLAST, virtual RFLP, and phylogenetic dendrogram, the identified phytoplasma strains are enclosed in the 16SrII-D subgroup. This is the first report of tomato witches' broom disease related to 16SrII-D subgroup phytoplasma strains in the Antalya province of Türkiye.
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    Molecular Characterization and Dose-Response to 2,4-D Herbicide in Convolvulus arvensis Populations in Türkiye
    (2024) KARAMAN, YÜCEL; Tursun, Nihat; Sipahioglu, Hikmet Murat
    Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) is an important weed species in agricultural areas in Türkiye and worldwide. The study, conducted in 2018-2019, involved collecting seeds from 16 different provinces in Türkiye (Adana, Ankara, Çanakkale, Denizli, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Hatay, İzmir, Karaman, Kayseri, Konya, Malatya, Samsun, Şanlıurfa, Tekirdağ and Uşak). These seeds were then germinated under greenhouse conditions (29/19°C day/night), and molecular characterization of the samples was performed. As a result of comparing the samples with a specific reference from NCBI GenBank, it was found that the similarity ratios were close to each other but formed different groups. The study revealed that samples from Adana, Konya and Samsun belonged to different groups in terms of similarity. Subsequently, the dose-response rates of these samples to 2,4-D, a herbicide licensed against field bindweed, were determined. In the dose-response analysis of the herbicides, ED50 values of 131.93, 115.42 and 141.89 g.a.i/ha were determined for Adana, Konya and Samsun, respectively. The study concluded that the dose-response of field bindweed in Adana, Konya and Samsun provinces, belonging to different molecular groups, to 2,4-D herbicide is close to each other but exhibits different values.
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    Molecular identification of phytoplasmas in ornamental pomegranates in Turkey
    (Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2019) Çağlayan, Kadriye; Gaze, Mona; Kocabağ, Hamide Deniz; Sipahioglu, Hikmet Murat
    Abstract Author keywords SciVal Topics Metrics Funding details Abstract Leaves, flowers and shoots of ornamental pomegranates showing yellowing and leaf deformation were collected from symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants between 2015 and 2017 from Hatay, Sanliurfa and Gebze provinces of Turkey. Among the 20 tested pomegranate samples, 10 were positive for phytoplasmas using 16R758f/16R1232r and U5/U3 primers amplifying 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The sequences of 8 strains shared the closest nucleotide identity (99%) with phytoplasmas in group 16SrIX and the remaining 2 strains had 98% identity with the ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ (subgroup 16SrXII-A). The present study represents the first evidence of phytoplasma association with yellowing symptoms in ornamental pomegranates in Turkey. © 2019, Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences.