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    Assessing Psychological Resilience and Stress Symptoms in Health Care Workers Following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2025) Polat, Hatice; Ugur, Kerim; Sun, Tunahan
    Objectives The study was conducted to assess the psychological resilience and stress symptoms in health care workers following the 2023 Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquake.Methods The study was completed with a sample size of 313 health care workers who experienced the earthquake and was carried out in a descriptive and correlational design. The Sociodemographic Data Form, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale (BPRS), and Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale-5 (TSSS-5) were used.Results The study found that 39.6% of health care workers were diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, 41.2% of participants considered leaving their jobs after the earthquake, and 79.9% reported a decrease in job motivation (slight or a lot). It was determined that there was a negative correlation between the participants' BPRS scores and TSSS-5 scores (r:-0.523, P = 0.00).Conclusions In accordance with the findings of our study, it can be posited that traumatic stress symptoms diminished as the level of psychological resilience increased in health care workers who experienced the earthquake.
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    Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and chronotype in adults with epilepsy
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Ugur, Kerim; Sun, Tunahan; Tasci, Irem; Kartal, Fatma
    Purpose: This study aimed to determine the chronotype characteristics in adults with epilepsy, examine the relationship between chronotype and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and compare ADHD symptom levels between patients with epilepsy and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The study included 90 patients with epilepsy and 70 healthy controls, aged between 18 and 65 years. Sociodemographic and clinical data (seizure status, EEG, and MRI findings) were collected from the participants. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Adult ADHD Diagnosis and Evaluation Inventory, and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) were administered. Results: A higher proportion of intermediate chronotypes was observed in the epilepsy group (68.9%) than in the control group (51.4%). ADHD symptom scores were higher in patients than in controls. Among patients with epilepsy, individuals with intermediate and evening chronotypes had significantly higher ADHD symptoms than those with morning chronotype. Although individuals with an evening chronotype had higher ADHD symptom levels than those with an intermediate chronotype, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings suggest that ADHD symptoms become more pronounced in patients with epilepsy as chronotype characteristics shift toward eveningness. Circadian features should be considered in the evaluation and management of ADHD comorbidity in adult patients with epilepsy.
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    Cyberchondria and Anxiety Sensitivity in Patients with Panic Disorder: A Case-Control Study
    (Mdpi, 2026) Orman, Kubra; Sun, Tunahan; Ugur, Kerim; Kizilkaya, Fatma
    Background and Objectives: Cyberchondria (CYB) has been associated with health anxiety and anxiety sensitivity (AS); however, its role in panic disorder (PD) remains unclear. This study aimed to compare CYB and AS levels between patients with PD and healthy controls and to examine their associations with PD severity. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study included 71 patients with PD and 69 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants completed the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). PD severity was assessed using the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS). Group comparisons were additionally conducted using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Patients with PD had significantly higher CSS (80.70 +/- 22.71 vs. 60.62 +/- 17.22) and ASI-3 total scores (35.66 +/- 17.87 vs. 12.25 +/- 10.18) than healthy controls. In the PD group, CYB was positively correlated with AS (r = 0.38, p < 0.01), whereas no significant association was found between CYB and PD severity (r = 0.09, p > 0.05). AS showed a moderate positive correlation with PD severity (r = 0.46, p < 0.01). In hierarchical regression analyses, CYB did not predict PD severity. Adding AS significantly increased the explained variance; however, in the final model, only general anxiety severity (BAI) remained a significant predictor of PD severity. Conclusions: Patients with PD exhibit elevated levels of CYB and AS, which are positively associated with each other. Nevertheless, PD severity appears to be primarily driven by general anxiety symptoms rather than CYB. These findings suggest that CYB may represent a parallel maladaptive coping behavior rather than a direct determinant of symptom severity, with potential implications for assessment and intervention. Longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify causal relationships.
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    Investigation of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter, Intraocular Pressure, and Dry Eye in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: The Role of Childhood Trauma
    (Mdpi, 2025) Sun, Tunahan; Cakar, Demet Dursun; Yesiloglu, Caner; Demirkol, Mehmet Emin; Tamam, Lut; Ugur, Kerim; Polat, Hatice
    Background/Objectives: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by emotional instability, impulsive behavior, and impaired interpersonal relationships. It is associated with a high prevalence of childhood trauma and neurobiological changes. This study aimed to compare ophthalmologic parameters, namely, optic nerve sheath diameter, intraocular pressure, and dry eye, in patients with BPD with healthy controls and to investigate the relations between these parameters and childhood trauma. Methods: This study included 51 female patients with BPD between the ages of 18 and 35 years, who were not using psychotropic medication, and 51 healthy controls matched for age and educational level. Optic nerve sheath diameter, intraocular pressure, and tear break-up time were measured, and trauma history was evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. Independent t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used in statistical analyses. Results: Patients with BPD were found to have significantly higher mean optic nerve sheath diameter scores (left: 3.94 +/- 0.43, right: 3.97 +/- 0.47) compared with healthy controls (left: 3.76 +/- 0.44, right: 3.78 +/- 0.45) (p < 0.05). The groups showed no significant difference in intraocular pressure and dry eye parameters (p > 0.05). A significant positive correlation was noted between emotional abuse scores and the optic nerve sheath diameter of the left eye in patients with BPD (p < 0.05; r = 0.364). Conclusions: An increased optic nerve sheath diameter may be a potential peripheral biomarker reflecting chronic stress or changes in intracranial physiology in patients with BPD. This increase is particularly associated with a history of emotional abuse. Ophthalmological parameters may contribute to understanding the neurobiological basis of BPD and serve as peripheral biomarkers or indicators of neurobiological changes.
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    The Effect of Alexithymia, Metacognitive Beliefs and Self-Efficacy on Disability in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (Wiley, 2026) Polat, Hatice; Ugur, Kerim; Sun, Tunahan
    Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with greater levels of disability being associated with lower general self-efficacy. Reducing disability and enhancing self-sufficiency in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia are among the primary goals of treatment and care. Aim This study aimed to examine the effects of alexithymia and metacognitive beliefs on self-efficacy levels and disability in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods The study was conducted with 145 individuals under the age of 30 (67 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 78 healthy controls) using a descriptive and correlational design. Data were collected using a sociodemographic data form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Results Compared to the control group, the patient group demonstrated significantly higher TAS-20, MCQ-30 and WHODAS 2.0 scores, and significantly lower GSES scores (p < 0.05). The patients' total MCQ-30 scores were significantly associated with both WHODAS 2.0 and GSES scores (p < 0.05); however, TAS-20 did not mediate the relationship between MCQ-30 and WHODAS 2.0 (p > 0.05), whereas it showed a significant mediating effect in the relationship between MCQ-30 and GSES (p < 0.05). Discussion Patients exhibited higher disability and lower general self-efficacy than the control group. Cognitive-behavioural and metacognitive therapeutic approaches targeting alexithymia may contribute to improved functioning and reduced disability in individuals with schizophrenia. Implications for Practice The findings improve understanding of factors related to disability and diminished general self-efficacy in individuals with schizophrenia and may inform the development of targeted psychosocial interventions. Relevance Statement Self-efficacy and disability are key determinants of recovery in schizophrenia. By demonstrating the roles of alexithymia and metacognitive beliefs, this study provides a conceptual framework to guide clinical practice and supportive care strategies.