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Öğe Effect of Nigella sativa Residue and Its Biochar on Soil Microbial Activity, Carbon Sequestration and Nitrogen Cycling Across Different Soil Types(Wiley, 2025) Yanardag, Asuman BuyukkilicThis study aimed to assess the effects of black cumin (Nigella sativa) residue and its biochar on soil microbial activity, carbon sequestration and nitrogen cycling in three soil types: Alfisol, Entisol and Mollisol. A 120-day incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate changes in soluble carbon (SC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soluble nitrogen (SN), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), CO2 emissions, carbon use efficiency (CUE) and metabolic coefficient (qCO(2)), calculated to understand microbial functionality and carbon retention. The results revealed that biochar (BC) enhanced long-term carbon stabilisation, while black cumin residue increased microbial activity and short-term nutrient turnover. In the BC2 treatment, SC remained stable until day 120 (419.2 mg/kg), suggesting sustained carbon availability. The highest MBC (528 mg kg(-1)) and lowest CO2 emissions were also recorded under biochar treatments, reflecting improved microbial efficiency. Significant interactions (p < 0.001) were observed between soil type, treatment and sampling time. These findings suggest that the combined use of biochar and plant residues can enhance both immediate microbial responses and long-term soil health, offering a sustainable strategy for soil fertility improvement and carbon management across different soil systems.Öğe Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Biochar on Cotton Plants: A Comprehensive Study(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Ramazanoglu, Emrah; Yanardag, Ibrahim Halil; Sakin, Erdal; Beyyavas, Vedat; Cevheri, Cevher Ilhan; Cun, Suat; Yanardag, Asuman BuyukkilicThis study aims to investigate the effects of the combined treatment of biochar (BC) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on cotton plants, focusing on morphological and physiological characteristics, nutrient content, and soil enzyme activities. The study examined the effects of different biochar doses in mycorrhiza-inoculated (M +) and non-inoculated (M -) treatments (0% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1), 1.5% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1), 3% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1)). The results showed that the highest SPAD value (34.66%) was observed in the M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. NDVI values increased by 25.29% in M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. M( +) treatment increased the N, NO3-, and soil enzyme activity was higher in the M( +) treatment. However, enzyme activity decreased as BC dose increased in both M( +) and M( -) treatments, with the most significant decrease observed in the 3.0% BC treatments. Nitrate reductase enzyme activity (NRA) decreased in all treatments except the 3.0% biochar treatment. M( +) treatment increased soil urease content by 27.24% compared to the M( -) treatment. Additionally, plant height, root length, nodule count, and spore number increased with increasing biochar doses, with the highest increase observed in the M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. Positive correlations were found between SPAD, NDVI, and nutrients such as Fe, Cu, Mn, and root attributes. Negative correlations were observed with Mg and CAT enzyme activity. Urease, DHG, and CAT enzyme activities decreased significantly with increasing BC doses, particularly in M( +) treatments. Biochar and AMF co-treatment enhanced growth, root parameters, spore count, NDVI, SPAD, and soil and plant enzyme activities in cotton plants. The combined treatment of biochar and AMF is beneficial for cotton production. The findings of this research have significant potential implications for sustainable cotton production and soil management practices, particularly in optimizing mycorrhiza and biochar to enhance soil fertility, improve water retention, and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers.Öğe Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Biochar on Cotton Plants: A Comprehensive Study (apr,10.1007/s42729-025-02350-x,2025)(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Ramazanoglu, Emrah; Yanardag, Ibrahim Halil; Sakin, Erdal; Beyyavas, Vedat; Cevheri, Cevher Ilhan; Cun, Suat; Yanardag, Asuman Buyukkilic[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Electromagnetic Pollution: Effects of High-Voltage Power Lines on Soil Health and Microbial Activity(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Baydilli, Eda Nur; Yanardag, Asuman Buyukkilic; Sakin, Erdal; Yanardag, Ibrahim Halil; Dilekoglu, Mehmet FatihElectromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted by high-voltage power lines (HVLs) are an emerging environmental concern with largely underexplored implications for soil microbial functioning and biochemical integrity. This study investigates the chronic effects of non-ionizing EMFs (50-60 Hz) on soil health in a semi-arid agroecosystem of southeastern T & uuml;rkiye, focusing on microbial biomass (Cmic, N), soluble nutrient pools (Csoluble, Nsoluble, NO3-, NH4+), enzymatic activities (catalase, dehydrogenase, urease), and microbial metabolic efficiency (qCO(2)). Soil samples collected at 0 m (IR) and 300 m (control) from HVLs revealed significant alterations in microbial and enzymatic indicators. Cmic decreased by 21.8%, CAT and DHG activities dropped by 25.3% and 8.6%, respectively, while qCO(2) increased by 29.4%, indicating metabolic stress. Mechanistically, these changes are attributed to EMF-induced oxidative stress and electromechanical disruption of microbial membranes, leading to impaired enzyme function and carbon-use efficiency. Despite a slight increase in microbial N and urease activity, the overall decline in microbial resilience suggests cumulative physiological damage. These results highlight the vulnerability of soil ecosystems to electromagnetic pollution and underscore the need for long-term monitoring and mitigation strategies, such as biochar application, to safeguard soil fertility and ecosystem sustainability in HVL-exposed landscapes.
