Sustainable approach to dye adsorption: hemp-based activated carbon as an effective adsorbent

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dc.contributor.authorToptas, Yeliz
dc.contributor.authorYavuz, Bahar
dc.contributor.authorKorkmaz, Aydan Aksogan
dc.contributor.authorOnal, Yunus
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:39:32Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:39:32Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIn industry, the use of dyes that threaten human health is increasing day by day. RB 19 (Reactive Blue 19, Remazol brilliant blue R), one of the most common dyes that adversely affect natural life, is the subject of this article. In this article, the waste parts of the hemp plant (root, stem and other) were evaluated for use in scientific studies. Hemp wastes were carbonised at 500 degrees C at a heating rate of 10 degrees C/min for 1 hour in the N2 atmosphere. Chemical activation was then carried out with 1:4 potassium hydroxide (KOH) at 800 degrees C under the same conditions. Activated carbon (AC) used as an adsorbent was characterised by elemental analysis (73.3% C, 0.3% H, 0.46% N, 0.02% S and 25.92% O), XRD, SEM, BET and FT-IR analysis. Activated carbon (AC) with 850 mu m size, 1858.70 m2/g surface area was obtained by chemical activation of carbonised hemp waste with KOH. SEM images showed that the activated carbon is structurally similar to a honeycomb. Kinetic parameters were analysed with six different equations (Intra Particle Diffusion, Pseudo First, Pseudo Second, Elovich, Avrami, Bangham) and adsorption mechanism with eight different equations (Henry, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Koble-Corrigan, Flory-Huggins, Harkin-Jura). According to the calculated diffusion coefficient (19.299), it is concluded that diffusion is externally controlled. The Intra-Particle Diffusion constant (75.34) indicated that the outer adsorption layer of activated carbon was thick. When the correlation coefficients of the equations were examined according to the kinetic analysis results, the highest correlation coefficient was observed in the Pseudo-First kinetic model for all temperatures. However, it was determined that it also fits the Bangham and Avrami models. Since Bangham and Avrami models have high regression coefficients (0.96-0.99), it can be said that adsorption also fits these models. Also, the negative Gibbs Free Energy values indicate that adsorption can occur spontaneously and is thermodynamically favourable.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/03067319.2024.2346192
dc.identifier.issn0306-7319
dc.identifier.issn1029-0397
dc.identifier.issue14
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0618-2082
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85192396545
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2024.2346192
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/5653
dc.identifier.volume105
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001215363400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subjectActivated Carbon
dc.subjectAdsorption
dc.subjectHemp
dc.subjectKinetic
dc.subjectReactive Blue 19
dc.titleSustainable approach to dye adsorption: hemp-based activated carbon as an effective adsorbent
dc.typeArticle

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