Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Biochar on Cotton Plants: A Comprehensive Study

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dc.contributor.authorRamazanoglu, Emrah
dc.contributor.authorYanardag, Ibrahim Halil
dc.contributor.authorSakin, Erdal
dc.contributor.authorBeyyavas, Vedat
dc.contributor.authorCevheri, Cevher Ilhan
dc.contributor.authorCun, Suat
dc.contributor.authorYanardag, Asuman Buyukkilic
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:40:55Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:40:55Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of the combined treatment of biochar (BC) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on cotton plants, focusing on morphological and physiological characteristics, nutrient content, and soil enzyme activities. The study examined the effects of different biochar doses in mycorrhiza-inoculated (M +) and non-inoculated (M -) treatments (0% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1), 1.5% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1), 3% BC + 200 kg N ha(-1)). The results showed that the highest SPAD value (34.66%) was observed in the M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. NDVI values increased by 25.29% in M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. M( +) treatment increased the N, NO3-, and soil enzyme activity was higher in the M( +) treatment. However, enzyme activity decreased as BC dose increased in both M( +) and M( -) treatments, with the most significant decrease observed in the 3.0% BC treatments. Nitrate reductase enzyme activity (NRA) decreased in all treatments except the 3.0% biochar treatment. M( +) treatment increased soil urease content by 27.24% compared to the M( -) treatment. Additionally, plant height, root length, nodule count, and spore number increased with increasing biochar doses, with the highest increase observed in the M( +) + 3.0% BC treatments. Positive correlations were found between SPAD, NDVI, and nutrients such as Fe, Cu, Mn, and root attributes. Negative correlations were observed with Mg and CAT enzyme activity. Urease, DHG, and CAT enzyme activities decreased significantly with increasing BC doses, particularly in M( +) treatments. Biochar and AMF co-treatment enhanced growth, root parameters, spore count, NDVI, SPAD, and soil and plant enzyme activities in cotton plants. The combined treatment of biochar and AMF is beneficial for cotton production. The findings of this research have significant potential implications for sustainable cotton production and soil management practices, particularly in optimizing mycorrhiza and biochar to enhance soil fertility, improve water retention, and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK)
dc.description.sponsorshipOpen access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK). The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s42729-025-02350-x
dc.identifier.endpage3544
dc.identifier.issn0718-9508
dc.identifier.issn0718-9516
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3236-1532
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7921-5703
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2558-9600
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5403-4247
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6607-8263
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105001654903
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage3527
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-025-02350-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/5977
dc.identifier.volume25
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001457915500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Int Publ Ag
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subjectMycorrhiza
dc.subjectPlant Physiology
dc.subjectSoil Biology And Chemistry
dc.subjectSoil And Plant Enzyme Activity
dc.titleEffects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Biochar on Cotton Plants: A Comprehensive Study
dc.typeArticle

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