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    Development of lidocaine-containing modified pleural talc structures as antibacterial drug delivery systems to prevent pleural effusion or pneumothorax
    (Springer, 2025) Ozhan, Onural; Koytepe, Suleyman; Ates, Burhan; Acari, Idil Karaca; Gurses, Canbolat; Parlakpinar, Hakan
    Pleurodesis is a common practice to close the pleural space and to treat persistent pneumothorax to prevent recurrent pleural effusion. When the patient has pleurodesis, the pleural fluid is drained first and then talc is applied to the pleural space. The talc application process consists of directly depositing the talc structure with the appropriate particle size into the relevant space. Both the space is filled and the patient's lung movement comfort is provided during the breathing process due to the slippery effect of the talc structure. Otherwise, the patient experiences a very painful process during the breathing process. However, some important indications can be observed both during and after the talc deposition. At the beginning of these indications is the formation of infection and innovative practices are very significant in eliminating such an infection. In order to prevent infection during talc process, intensive antibiotic application is made before and after the application. In this study, more effective and innovative talc structures were developed and the talc structure was modified with a zwitter ionic polymeric coating to prevent infection. A surface modification was carried out by attaching 3-vinylpropyl-triethoxysilane binding agent on the appropriately sized talc structures. The functionalized talc structure was transformed into a surface that would work with the kill and release principle. The structure of 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate was modified for this process. A quaternary ammonium structure was formed on the talc surface thereby, bacteria will be killed and then, removed from the surface. In the research, local anesthesic agent lidocaine was also loaded to provide convenience to the patient. Structural characterizations of the obtained structures were performed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR). Its thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of the obtained structures were examined.
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    Immobilization of α-Amylase onto Quantum Dots Prepared from Hypericum perforatum L. Flowers and Hypericum capitatum Seeds: Its Physicochemical and Biochemical Characterization
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2023) Acari, Idil Karaca; Dik, Gamze; Bakar, Busra; Ulu, Ahmet; Onal, Yunus; Ates, Burhan
    Enzyme immobilization is an effective way to increase the catalytic activity and stability of the alpha-amylase (Amy) enzyme for industrial uses. For this purpose, carbon and graphene quantum dot (QDs) structures were prepared from Hypericum perforatum L. flowers (QD-1), and Hypericum capitatum seeds (QD-2) obtained from an herbalist in Hatay province of Turkey. Structural and morphological characterization of the prepared QDs and QDs/Amy were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Meanwhile, biochemical characterizations such as optimum pH and temperature, kinetic parameters, effects of metal ions, organic solvents, and trypsin digestion on enzyme activity were performed and compared with free Amy. The Amy enzyme was immobilized with an activity efficiency of 71.15% for QD-1/Amy, and 81.51% for QD-2/Amy under optimal conditions. The difference in activity efficiency between QD-1/Amy and QD-2/Amy was likely due to a change in the surface porosity of QDs structures. While the optimal pH value of all three forms of Amy was recorded as 6.0, their optimal temperature was found to be 40 degrees C. The activation energy (E-a) of the free Amy was found to be 4.81 kJ/mol, while it was 9.61 kJ/mol, and 3.20 kJ/mol for QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy, respectively. K-m values were calculated as 1.18, 1.57, and 1.35 mg/mL for free Amy, QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy, respectively, and V-max values were calculated as 37.52, 37.60, and 39.93 mu mol/min, respectively. Kinetic data revealed that the immobilized enzymes had lower substrate affinity compared to the free Amy. Besides, the QD-1/Amy and QD-2/Amy exhibited more stability than free Amy against metal ions, organic solvents as well as trypsin digestion due to the increment in conformational rigidity caused by changes in the secondary structures of the immobilized enzyme. For instance, after incubation with trypsin for 120 min, free Amy, QD-1/Amy, and QD-2/Amy retained approximately 20%, 35%, and 26% of initial activities, respectively. Finally, it can be proposed that the prepared carriers in this work may a useful to produce stable and active immobilized Amy to be used in industrial applications.
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    Investigation of Acrylamide Based Hydrogels as L-Dopa and L-Tyrosine Drug Release System
    (Chem Soc Pakistan, 2022) Acari, Idil Karaca
    Acrylamide-based hydrogels exhibit significant volume migration in response to physical and chemical stimuli. These properties make their use as drug delivery systems widespread. In the study, acrylamide-based hydrogel structures were synthesized to be used as two prodrugs known as L-Dopa and L-Tyrosine carrier and release system. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron micrography (SEM), Image J program were used to evaluate the structure-property relationship of the synthesized hydrogels and swelling studies were performed. The maximum swelling capacity of the synthesized hydrogel structures was determined as 973.80 +/- 12.25 %. The L-Dopa loading on the hydrogel was 69.51 +/- 9.64% and the L-Tyrosine loading was 61.37 +/- 5.08%. The release behavior of the drugs loaded on the hydrogel was monitored using a UV-vis spectrophotometer at pH 7.4 and lambda(max) 280 nm. Accordingly, it was observed experimentally that 84.21 +/- 1.71% of L-Dopa and 75.98 +/- 2.69% of L-Tyrosine were released. The study is an alternative release system with the simultaneous release of L-Dopa molecule, which is especially used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and L-Tyrosine, which plays an important role in the synthesis of L-Dopa.
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    Manufacturing of chitosan based drug release systems from tamarind shells for long-term and effective methylprednisolone sodium succinate release
    (Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2022) Acari, Idil Karaca
    In this study a microparticular drug delivery system containing tamarind shell and chitosan has been developed to realize the controlled release of methylprednisolone sodium succinate an important corticosteroid. Drug-loaded tamarind shells are coated with chitosan for a pH-controlled release. The release kinetics of the system have been examined in detail at three different pH ranges (3, 5 and 7.4). In our pH sensitive release systems a slow release up to 39.02%+/- 0.81 at pH=7.4 at 72 hours. But we see that there is a faster release at 70.58 +/- 1.73% at pH=5 and 96.68 +/- 1.70% at pH=3 in 72 hours. Rapid release in acidic media depends on the solubility of the chitosan structure in acidic environments. It is believed that the pH sensitive carrier system obtained within the scope of the study will have a high potential for use in many biomedical application areas (wound surface application, etc.).
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    Preparation, characterization, and biocompatibility of chondroitin sulfate-based sol-gel coatings and investigation of their effects on osseointegration improvement
    (Taylor & Francis As, 2023) Pasahan, Aziz; Sevimli, Resit; Kivilcim, Nilufer; Acari, Idil Karaca; Erenler, A. Sebnem; Sezer, Selda; Durmat, H. Turgut
    In this work, implants with enhanced antibacterial and surface properties besides mechanical, biological, and chemical properties were prepared with the replacement of traditional titanium and titanium alloys in the field of biomedical materials. Titanium substrates were coated with chondroitin sulfate (CS) containing (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GLYMO) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) based thin film using sol-gel technology. Chondroitin sulfate is a preferred material due to its characteristics antioxidative and osseointegresion properties besides its collagen-forming properties. Coated implants were morphologically elucidated with atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structure of the chondroitin sulfate-containing films was investigated with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) techniques. The obtained CS-based sol-gel surface coatings are thermally stable up to similar to 200 degrees C according to TGA and DTA analysis results. The biological and antibacterial properties of the coatings were also determined. The biocompatibility and osseointegration properties of the coatings developed within the scope of the study were, determined by in vivo studies on rats. According to biocompatibility results of CS/Sol-Gel coated surfaces, Cell viability (%) rates of CS-based coatings showed between 89 and 66%. According to the experimental data, it has been claimed that implants improved with antibacterial, stable, homogeneous, and biocompatible coatings can be used as a new alternative product for dental and orthopedic applications.
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    The effects of Zn/Fe co-dopants on the structural, thermal, magnetic, and in vitro biocompatibility properties of calcium pyrophosphate ceramics
    (Elsevier, 2022) Kebiroglu, Hanifi; Ates, Tankut; Bulut, Niyazi; Ercan, Ismail; Ercan, Filiz; Acari, Idil Karaca; Kaygili, Omer
    In the present work, calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) samples co-doped with Zn and Fe were prepared by using a wet chemical method, and their thermal, magnetic, structural, morphologic, and in vitro biocompatibility properties were investigated for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that a continuous decreasing trend in two lattice parameters, unit cell volume, and average crystallite size was observed with the increasing Zn content. Zn content affected the magnetic and thermal behaviors, cell viability property of the CPP, as well as morphology. The sample containing 0.22 at.% Zn and 0.22 at.% Fe showed the best biocompatibility among all the samples, and the higher amount of Zn caused the lower cell viability. The bandgap of the CPP decreased with adding of Zn, while the linear absorption coefficient value increased.
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    Tuning electronic properties of hydroxyapatite through controlled doping using zinc, silver, and praseodymium: A density of states and experimental study
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Sahin, Binnur; Ates, Tankut; Acari, Idil Karaca; Barzinjy, Azeez A.; Ates, Burhan; Ozcan, Imren; Kaygili, Omer
    This study presents a comprehensive exploration of the electronic properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) doped with zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), and praseodymium (Pr). Five distinct compositions-0.4Pr-HA, 0.4Zn-0.4Pr-HA, 0.8Zn0.4Pr-HA, 0.4Ag-0.4Pr-HA, and 0.8Zn-0.4Pr-HA were systematically investigated through Density of States (DOS) and band structure calculations. The computed band gap values, ranging from 4.4037 to 4.1554 eV, revealed a progressive decrease in band gap energy from 0.4Pr-HA to 0.8Ag-0.4Pr-HA, emphasizing the substantial impact of dopant composition on electronic properties. Additionally, the incorporation of Pr induced distinct bands and peaks in the density of states, signifying the emergence of specific energy levels associated with Pr and suggesting a clear effect on the electronic structure. Furthermore, the study explores the influences of dopant type and quantity on the electronic structure, microstructure, spectral, thermal, and in vitro cell viability properties of Pr-based HA samples. Theoretical results demonstrated a continuous decrease in the bandgap with Ag or Zn dopants, and the study observed controllable changes in LAC values based on co-dopant type and quantity. Experimental outcomes revealed significant effects on crystallinity, crystallite size, lattice parameters, and unit cell volume, confirmed through XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and Raman analyses. These findings provide valuable visions into the tunability of the electronic properties of HA through controlled doping with Zn, Pr, and Ag. This knowledge is crucial for modifying materials with desirable electronic properties, and thus holds promise for various applications in electronic devices and biocompatible coatings.
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    Zinc Sulfur Nanoparticles Cause Both the Negatory Vitality and Bioaccumulation on Gammarus pulex
    (Springer, 2025) Ozgur, Mustafa Erkan; Maras, Zeynep; Aydemir, Songul; Acari, Idil Karaca; Erdogan, Selim; Charles, Sandrine; Koytepe, Suleyman
    In recent years, Zinc Sulphur Nanoparticles (ZnS-NPs) have a wide range of applications such as in optical sensor, solid state solar window layers, photoconductors, phosphors and catalysts. There are no clear data on the waste-enriching effects of this nanoparticle, whose annual consumption is over million tons, and concerns remain unanswered. This research was also designed to investigate lethal and sublethal toxicity, as well as survivability and bioaccumulation on Gammarus pulex for the effects of possible waste products of ZnS-NPs. After acute 96-hours experiments, while the lethal concentration (LC50) value was estimated at 3.39 (2.79-4.17) ppm, it was found that both the toxicity and the accumulation levels of ZnS-NPs in tissues increased with increasing exposure durations and doses. Statistically significant differences were observed in ventilation rates of the organisms as exposure durations increased at higher doses such as 2, 5, and 10 ppm. According to our results, the lowest ventilation rate was determined at the highest dose of ZnS-NPs. Moreover, ZnS-NPs was proved to be highly toxic after 3.5 ppm, while ZnS-NPs very slowly accumulate in Gammarus pulex tissues (BCF equal to 5.8.10- 4 (4.28.10- 4; 7.2.10- 4) at the highest exposure dose).