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Öğe Energy Use and Carbon Emissions of Walnut Production in Türkiye(Springer, 2024) Candemir, Serhan; Agizan, Kemalettin; Dogan, Hasan Goekhan; Bayramoglu, Zeki; Akdogan, AhmetThe objective of this study is to investigate the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions associated with walnut production. The research will provide valuable insights into the environmental impact of walnut production. The study was conducted during the 2020-2021 agricultural season in Kahramanmara & scedil; province of T & uuml;rkiye. The study findings revealed that the energy required for walnut production includes 29,193 MJha-1 (50.53%) of pesticide, 11,533 MJha-1 (19.96%) of machinery, 9443 MJha-1 (16.35%) of fertiliser, 3675 MJha-1 (6.36%) of diesel, 1249 MJha-1 (2.16%) of electricity, and 1163 MJha-1 (2.01%) of farm manure energy. The total energy input and output were 57,772 MJha-1 and 109,444 MJha-1, respectively. The total carbon emissions from walnut production were calculated to be 2242.23 kgCO2-eqkg-1. Of all emission sources, the use of machinery was to have the highest contribution with 56.91%.Öğe Energy Use and GHG Emissions in Olive Production: A Comparison of Irrigated and Rainfall Conditions(Springer, 2025) Bayramoglu, Zeki; Candemir, Serhan; Agizan, Kemalettin; Dogan, Hasan GoekhanThe objective of this study was to examine the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with olive production under both irrigated and rainfall conditions. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the environmental impacts of olive production. The study was conducted in the province of Kahramanmara & scedil; during the 2020-2021 agricultural production season. The study findings indicate that the total input energy required for olive production under irrigated and rainfall conditions is 174,331.3 MJ ha-1 and 129,115.55 MJ ha-1, respectively. In olive production, the primary energy input under irrigated conditions was chemical fertilizer (38.67%), while the primary energy input under rainfall conditions was diesel fuel (38.59%). The total energy output in olive production under irrigated and rainfall conditions was calculated as 41,534.83 MJ ha-1 and 29,710.55 MJ ha-1, respectively. The GHG emissions per kilogram in olive production were calculated as 0.24 kg CO2 for 1 kg of olives produced under irrigated conditions and 0.20 kg CO2 for 1 kg of olives produced under rainfall conditions.












