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    Erysiphe paradoxa: A newly reported powdery mildew on acer monspessulanumin Turkey
    (Kastamonu Üniversitesi, 2020) Kabaktepe, Şanlı; Akata, Ilgaz; Sevindik, Mustafa
    Aim of the study: The current study aims to contribute Turkish powdery mildews by adding newly recorded fungus. Area of study: The northern slopes of Derebağ waterfall was the study area located within the borders of Derebağ Town (Yahyalı/Kayseri/Turkey) district in the northeast of Aladağlar. Material and methods: Infected maple specimens were collected from the field on October 14, 2015 and brought the laboratory for identification studies. Morphological structures were examined using both simple light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The identified samples were deposited in Inonu University Herbarium (INU). Main results: Erysiphe paradoxa was recorded for the first time from Turkey. Highlights: Erysiphe paradoxa was reported on Acer monspessulanum. E. paradoxa was a new record for Turkish powdery mildews. E. paradoxa samples collected from Turkey were the third report in the World.
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    EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL, ANTICHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY AND ELEMENT CONTENT OF CHLOROPHYLLUM RHACODES SPECIES
    (Medical Univ Warsaw, 2026) Akata, Ilgaz; Baba, Hayri; Kabaktepe, Sanli; Sevindik, Mustafa
    In this study, antioxidant potential, anticholinesterase activity, and elemental contents of Chlorophyllum rhacodes were evaluated. In order to determine the antioxidant capacity, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP ferric reducing power analyses were applied. According to the obtained results, the TAS value was determined as 3.125 +/- 0.060 mmol/L, the TOS value as 6.821 +/- 0.062 & micro;mol/L, the OSI value as 0.218 +/- 0.003, DPPH activity as 55.430 +/- 1.438 mg TE/g, and the FRAP value as 72.540 +/- 1.461 mg TE/g. These data revealed that C. rhacodes showed a significant level of antioxidant activity. In the evaluation of anticholinesterase activity, inhibitory effects against AChE and BChE enzymes were determined, and IC50 values were found as 94.330 +/- 1.536 & micro;g/mL and 128.397 +/- 1.556 & micro;g/mL, respectively. These results show that C. rhacodes exhibits limited inhibitory effect on these enzymes but may have a certain level of anticholinesterase potential. According to the results of elemental analysis, Cd (14.78 +/- 1.53), Cr (33.17 +/- 1.42), Mn (7.35 +/- 0.52), Cu (155.77 +/- 2.34), Fe (469.30 +/- 15.75), Pb (6.98 +/- 0.54), Ni (3.66 +/- 0.31) and Zn (76.18 +/- 2.25) mg/kg levels were detected in mushroom samples. In particular, it was observed that Cd and Cu levels were above the upper limits specified in the literature. This finding shows that C. rhacodes tends to accumulate some heavy metals and may be highly sensitive to environmental pollution. In conclusion, C. rhacodes exhibits a biologically remarkable profile with certain antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities and can also be considered as a potential indicator species in the biological monitoring of environmental metal exposure.
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    Molecular Genetic Diversity of Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae) Genotypes by RAPD, ISSR-PCR, and Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) trnL-F Sequences
    (Taylor & Francis, 2020) Sevindik, Emre; Murathan, Zehra Tuğba; Sevindik, Mustafa
    In this study, phylogenetic analysis of some Turkish Prunus armeniaca L. genotypes was conducted based on RAPD-PCR, ISSR-PCR, and chloroplast DNA (trnL-F) sequence analyses. Prunus armeniaca genotypes were obtained from Malatya province, and brought to the laboratory for genomic DNA isolation. Eleven RAPD and fifteen ISSR primers were used to determine molecular characterization of Prunus armeniaca genotypes. For the amplification of the trnL-F region, trne and trnf primers were used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of 46 and 95 bands were obtained with RAPD and ISSR analysis, respectively. The trnL-F sequences varied from 398 to 403 nucleotides. Average nucleotide composition of trnL-F sequences was 31.0% T, 14.4% C, 37.4% A and 17.2% G. The genetic distance between the five apricot genotypes is 0.00. A maximum likelihood tree was generated to determine genetic relationships among Prunus armeniaca genotypes. Analysis of Prunus armeniaca genotypes based on RAPD, ISSR, and trnL-F sequences revealed that the rate of polymorphism obtained using RAPD and ISSR were higher than those obtained through the trnL-F sequences.
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    Optimization of Phellinus hartigii extracts: Biological activities, and phenolic content analysis
    (Bmc, 2025) Unal, Orhan; Gurgen, Aysenur; Krupodorova, Tetiana; Sevindik, Mustafa; Kabaktepe, Sanli; Akata, Ilgaz
    BackgroundMedicinal mushrooms are sources of natural substances with diverse biological functions. The study evaluated the biological activity of Phellinus hartigii (Allesch. & Schnabl) Pat. and optimized extraction conditions to the maximize its bioactive potential.MethodsExtraction was performed using a Soxhlet apparatus under varying conditions: temperatures (30, 50, and 70 degrees C), durations (1, 5.5, and 10 h), and ethanol/water ratios (0%, 50%, and 100%). Total antioxidant status (TAS) was analyzed across 17 experiments, and the optimal conditions were identified using response surface methodology (RSM). Extracts from optimal conditions were further analyzed for antioxidant capacity (Rel assay kits, DPPH, FRAP), anticholinesterase activity (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition), antiproliferative activity (A549 lung cancer cell line), total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), and phenolic compound profile (LC-MS/MS).ResultsOptimal extraction conditions were determined to be 48.22 & ring;C, 9.04 h, and an ethanol/water ratio of 52.22%. The extract exhibited significant antiproliferative effects against the A549 lung cancer cells, with activity increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition values (IC50) of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were 21.29 +/- 0.41 and 35.51 +/- 0.53 mu g/mL, respectively. The TPC (total phenolic content) value of the optimized extract was determined as 88.21 +/- 1.50 mg/g, FRAP value as 137.81 +/- 1.72 mg/g, DPPH value as 106.07 +/- 2.44 mg/g, TOS (total oxidant status) value as 9.27 +/- 0.06 mu mol/L, TAS value as 4.98 +/- 0.03 mmol/L and OSI (oxidative stress index) value as 0.19 +/- 0.002. LC-MS/MS analysis identified nine phenolic compounds, with gallic acid and catechin hydrate as the most abundant.ConclusionsThe extract of P. hartigii obtained under optimal conditions demonstrated substantial antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antiproliferative activities, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
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    The Powdery Mildew Fungi of Aladağlar and Bolkar Mountains in Turkey
    (Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Kabaktepe, Şanlı; Sevindik, Mustafa; Akata, Ilgaz
    In this study, sixty-one species of Powdery mildew (Erysiphales) in Aladağlar and Bolkar mountains were determined. The research was carried out between 2013 and 2016. The sixty-one species of Powdery mildew were observed from 37 family, 83 genera and 94 host species and make a contribution to Turkish mycobiota.