Evaluation of ecological and health risks of trace elements in soils of olive orchards and apportionment of their sources using the APCS-MLR receptor model

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dc.contributor.authorDeliboran, Aise
dc.contributor.authorVarol, Memet
dc.contributor.authorAytop, Halil
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:41:08Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:41:08Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstract& Idot;zmir, Turkey's third most populous city, is in an important position in terms of both agriculture and industry. The province, which contributes 9.3% to the country's industrial production, also has an important potential in terms of olive cultivation. However, until now, no research has been undertaken to analyze the content of trace elements (TEs) in the soil of olive orchards in & Idot;zmir. This study was carried out to determine the pollution level and ecological risks of TEs in the olive orchards soils of & Idot;zmir province, to reveal their potential sources and to evaluate their health risks. Among the TEs, the average content of only Ni (37.9 mg/kg) exceeded the world soil average content (29 mg/kg), while the average content of only Cd (0.176 mg/kg) exceeded the upper continental crust content (0.09 mg/kg). Enrichment factor revealed that there was significant enrichment for Cd in 73.6%, Ni in 11.6% and Cr in 5.4% of olive orchards, respectively, due to polluted irrigation water and agrochemicals. Similarly, ecological risk factor indicated that there were moderate and considerable ecological risks for Cd in 48.8% and 23.3% of olive orchards, respectively. Absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model showed that Ni and Cr in the study area are affected by agricultural sources, Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn originate from lithogenic sources, and Cd originates from mixed sources. Based on health risk evaluation methods, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects would not be expected for residents. This study provides significant knowledge for evaluating soil TE pollution in olive orchards and serves a model for source apportionment and human health risk evaluation of TEs in other agricultural regions.
dc.description.sponsorshipMalatya Turgut zal University
dc.description.sponsorshipSpecial thanks are given to three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions for improving this manuscript.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10653-024-02108-x
dc.identifier.issn0269-4042
dc.identifier.issn1573-2983
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0506-3724
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6475-0570
dc.identifier.pmid39012557
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85198616508
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-024-02108-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/6095
dc.identifier.volume46
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001269987600011
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Geochemistry and Health
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subject& Idot;Zmir
dc.subjectSoil Contamination Indices
dc.subjectRisk Assessment
dc.subjectSource Identification
dc.titleEvaluation of ecological and health risks of trace elements in soils of olive orchards and apportionment of their sources using the APCS-MLR receptor model
dc.typeArticle

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