Panax Ginseng Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Injury in Male Rats by Modulating NF-κB/COX-2 and AR Pathways

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dc.contributor.authorYeni, Yesim
dc.contributor.authorCicek, Betul
dc.contributor.authorHacimuftuoglu, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorOzkaraca, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorMokhtare, Behzad
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:41:03Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:41:03Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractPanax ginseng (PG) is a medicinal plant used for many years to treat many diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the possible prophylactic and therapeutic effects of PG extract on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular toxicity in rats. 32 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were used in the experiment. The experimental groups were designed as control (normal saline, intraperitoneal), DOX (18 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), PG (200 mg/kg, gavage), and PG + DOX (200 mg/kg, gavage). After treatment, serum levels of testosterone, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), glutathione (GSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase (CAT), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Then, gene expression, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on testicular tissues. Compared to DOX, treatment with PG + DOX showed a significant improvement in serum levels of FSH, testosterone, LH, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, MDA, SOD, LDH, GSH, and CAT. It was also observed that PG + DOX decreased nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclooxygenase-2 expression levels, increased androgen receptor expression, restored testicular histopathological structure, and significantly improved spermatogenesis. The results of the present study showed that PG may have an ameliorative effect against DOX-induced male reproductive toxicity, as DOX causes male reproductive toxicity. It can be concluded that PG is one of the effects that protect against DOX-induced testicular toxicity in rats by reducing lipid peroxidation and activating the antioxidant system. In light of this information, PG may be a useful agent to prevent the testicular toxicity observed in men receiving DOX treatment.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Techno-logical Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
dc.description.sponsorshipOpen access funding provided by the Scientific and Techno-logical Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). The authors did not receive any financial support.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12035-025-05116-9
dc.identifier.endpage12850
dc.identifier.issn0893-7648
dc.identifier.issn1559-1182
dc.identifier.issue10
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6719-7077
dc.identifier.pmid40451973
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105006903736
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage12839
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-05116-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/6026
dc.identifier.volume62
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001499384700001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofMolecular Neurobiology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subjectDoxorubicin
dc.subjectMale Fertility
dc.subjectOxidative Stress
dc.subjectPanax Ginseng
dc.subjectReal-Time Pcr
dc.titlePanax Ginseng Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Injury in Male Rats by Modulating NF-κB/COX-2 and AR Pathways
dc.typeArticle

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