Water quality assessment of the Karasu River (Turkey) using various indices, multivariate statistics and APCS-MLR model

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorVarol, Memet
dc.contributor.authorKarakaya, Gokhan
dc.contributor.authorAlpaslan, Kenan
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-19T06:40:02Z
dc.date.available2026-06-19T06:40:02Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractDetermining the water quality status of a river and accurately identifying potential pollution sources threatening the river are pillars in effective control of pollution and sustainable water management. In this study, water quality indices, multivariate statistics and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) were applied to evaluate the water quality of the Karasu River, the main tributary of the Euphrates River (Turkey). For this, 19 water quality variables were monitored monthly at eight stations along the river during one year. Based on the mean dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), orthophosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P), total phosphorus (TP), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) levels, most stations of the river had very good water status according to surface water quality criteria. Spatial cluster analysis (CA) divided eight stations into three regions as clean region, moderate clean region and very clean region. The mean values of Nutrient Pollution Index indicated that the river was no polluted. Similarly, Water Quality Index and Organic Pollution Index values indicated that the river water quality was between good and excellent. A minimum water quality index (WQImin) consisted of ten crucial parameters was not significantly different with the WQI based on all the 17 parameters. Discriminant analysis (DA) results showed that water temperature (WT), EC, chlorophyll -a (Chl-a), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), NO3-N and COD are the variables responsible for temporal changes, while WT, total dissolves solids (TDS), Chl-a, K, magnesium (Mg), Ca, NH4-N and COD are the variables responsible for spatial changes in the river water quality. Principal component analysis/factor analysis (PCA/FA) identified four potential sources, including anthropogenic, natural, seasonal and phytoplankton. Source apportionment in the APCS-MLR model revealed that seasonal and anthropogenic sources contributed 35.2% and 25.5% to river water quality parameters, respectively, followed by phytoplankton (21.4%) and natural sources (17.9%).
dc.description.sponsorshipTAGEM; [TAGEM/HAYS?]; [D/B/19/A6/P4/918]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by TAGEM (Project No: TAGEM/HAYS?D/B/19/A6/P4/918) .
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136415
dc.identifier.issn0045-6535
dc.identifier.issn1879-1298
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6475-0570
dc.identifier.pmid36099988
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85137883170
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136415
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/5924
dc.identifier.volume308
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000864627700005
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofChemosphere
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260612
dc.subjectWater Quality Indices
dc.subjectMultivariate Statistics
dc.subjectSource Apportionment
dc.subjectApcs-Mlr
dc.titleWater quality assessment of the Karasu River (Turkey) using various indices, multivariate statistics and APCS-MLR model
dc.typeArticle

Dosyalar

Koleksiyon

WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu