Classification of Osteophytes Occurring in the Lumbar Intervertebral Foramen

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dc.authoridInceoglu, Feyza/0000-0003-1453-0937;
dc.contributor.authorTacyildiz, Abdullah Emre
dc.contributor.authorInceoglu, Feyza
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-24T18:09:46Z
dc.date.available2025-10-24T18:09:46Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground: Surgeons have limited knowledge of the lumbar intervertebral foramina. This study aimed to classify osteophytes in the lumbar intervertebral foramen and to determine their pathoanatomical characteristics, discuss their potential biomechanical effects, and contribute to developing surgical methods. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, non-randomized, single-center study involving 1224 patients. The gender, age, and anatomical location of the osteophytes in the lumbar intervertebral foramina of the patients were recorded. Results: Two hundred and forty-nine (20.34%) patients had one or more osteophytes in their lumbar 4 and 5 foramina. Of the 4896 foramina, 337 (6.88%) contained different types of osteophytes. Moreover, four anatomical types of osteophytes were found: mixed osteophytes in 181 (3.69%) foramina, osteophytes from the lower endplate of the superior vertebrae in 91 (1.85%) foramina, osteophytes from the junction of the pedicle and lamina of the upper vertebrae in 39 foramina (0.79%), and osteophytes from the upper endplate of the lower vertebrae in 26 (0.53%) foramina. The L4 foramen contained a significantly higher number of osteophytes than the L5 foramen. Osteophyte development increased significantly with age, with no difference between males and females. Conclusions: The findings show that osteophytic extrusions, which alter the natural anatomical structure of the lumbar intervertebral foramina, are common and can narrow the foramen.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/tomography10040047
dc.identifier.endpage631
dc.identifier.issn2379-1381
dc.identifier.issn2379-139X
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.pmid38668404
dc.identifier.startpage618
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/tomography10040047
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12899/3825
dc.identifier.volume10
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001225898600001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofTomography
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_20251023
dc.subjectforaminal stenosis; lumbar intervertebral foramen; osteophyte
dc.titleClassification of Osteophytes Occurring in the Lumbar Intervertebral Foramen
dc.typeArticle

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